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# Institute for Protein Design

Designing tomorrow

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [Blog](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news/)
- [Custom computing for the next generation of protein design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2026/06/custom-computing-for-the-next-generation-of-protein-design/) - The IPD is collaborating with NVIDIA to deliver the accelerations necessary for protein design pipelines to meet global grand challenges
- [A New Era for Protein Design in Oncology: Dr. Ahn Joins the IPD](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2026/05/a-new-era-for-protein-design-in-oncology-dr-ahn-joins-the-ipd/) - Dr. Green Ahn joins the University of Washington Department of Biochemistry and the Institute for Protein Design as an Assistant Professor.
- [First vaccine targeting SARS virus family enters human trials](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2026/02/gbp511-vaccine-clinical-trial-begins/) - The computer-designed vaccine aims to protect against coronaviruses that haven't yet emerged, including pandemic threats
- [RFdiffusion2: efficient enzymes from prompts](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2025/12/rfdiffusion2-efficient-enzymes-from-prompts/) - AI model that creates catalysts in weeks instead of years opens the door to degrading pollutants and building new medicines.
- [RFdiffusion3 now available](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2025/12/rfdiffusion3-now-available/) - This foundation model for biodesign can generate proteins that interact with any type of molecule commonly found inside cells.
- [Teaching AI to build antibodies from scratch](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2025/11/rfantibody-in-nature/) - Generating antibodies entirely on computers — no animal immunizations required — could unlock treatments for countless diseases.
- [Delivering protein nanoparticle vaccines via mRNA](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2025/10/delivering-protein-nanoparticle-vaccines-via-mrna/) - Combining the speed of mRNA and potency of design proteins yielded up to 28-fold more antibodies — and a platform technology that could transform how we respond to viral threats.
- [Hitting 'undruggable' disease targets](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2025/07/hitting-undruggable-disease-targets/) - Custom proteins made with AI bind disordered proteins and peptides with atomic precision.
- [Creating multi-protein systems with atomic precision](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2025/08/creating-multi-protein-systems/) - Protein design is expanding from building single molecules to generating entire systems from scratch with parts that work together in ways nature never explored.
- [Introducing RFpeptides](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/11/introducing-rfpeptides-ai-for-cyclic-peptide-design/) - Generative AI based on RFdiffusion designs cyclic peptides with atomic accuracy.
- [NASEM Releases Consensus Report on Biosecurity and AI](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2025/03/nasem-releases-consensus-report-on-biosecurity-and-ai/) - By understanding the opportunities and risks of AI advances, we can collectively advance science in ways that improve the health of all people.
- [Introducing RFdiffusion2](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2025/04/introducing-rfdiffusion2/) - A new deep-learning model developed by scientists at the IPD and MIT is redefining what’s possible in enzyme design.
- [Introducing LigandMPNN](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2025/03/introducing-ligandmpnn/) - ProteinMPNN revolutionized protein sequence design. LigandMPNN opens the door to programming protein–ligand interfaces of all kinds.
- [Neutralizing deadly snake toxins](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2025/01/neutralizing-deadly-snake-toxins/) - New AI-generated proteins that protect animals in the lab promise safer, more accessible antivenoms.
- [Building bigger nanocages with less symmetry](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/12/pseudosymmetric-nanocages/) - New protein assemblies with hundreds of subunits dwarf common viral capsids.
- [Derrick Hicks wins additional WRF translational funding](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2025/01/derrick-hicks-translational-funding-wrf-phase-3/) - Funding will enable further development of Hicks’ minibinder conjugates as an improved option for radiotherapy cancer treatments.
- [Webinar: Protein Design Then & Now (1988-2024)](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/11/protein-design-then-and-now-webinar/)
- [David Baker wins Nobel Prize for protein design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/10/david-baker-wins-nobel-prize-for-protein-design/) - “Baker has learned how to master life’s building blocks and create entirely new proteins.”
- [COVID-19 vaccine with IPD nanoparticles wins full approval abroad](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/06/covid-19-vaccine-skycovione-wins-full-approval-abroad/) - Clinical testing found the vaccine outperforms Oxford/AstraZeneca’s. The vaccine, now called SKYCovione, is the world's first computationally designed protein medicine. University of Washington to waive royalty fees for the duration of the pandemic. A vaccine for COVID-19 developed at the University of Washington School of Medicine has been approved by the Korean Ministry of Food
- [Summer undergraduate researchers design proteins at the IPD](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/08/summer-undergraduate-researchers-protein-design/) - “This is a place where a coffee chat can teach you more than a dozen papers."
- [Designing synthetic smell receptors](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/07/designing-synthetic-smell-receptors/) - “When we started with this idea a few years ago, many people thought it was impossible."
- [Introducing the International Center for Enzyme Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/05/introducing-the-international-center-for-enzyme-design/) - We've partnered with the Manchester Institute of Biotechnology to transform the landscape of enzyme design.
- [NIH highlights the King Lab’s universal flu vaccine research](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/07/designing-better-flu-shots-nih-highlights-king-labs-progress-on-universal-vaccines/) - We’re developing vaccines to protect against all versions of a pathogen, including strains yet to evolve. Such universal protection may thwart future pandemics.
- [TIME names David Baker among 100 Most Influential People in health](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/05/time-names-david-baker-among-100-most-influential-people-in-health/) - The list recognizes the people pioneering the world's most impactful health innovations. TIME writes about Baker's AI breakthroughs and scientific leadership.
- [Undergrads Abby Burtner and Sneha Subramanian are in the Husky 100](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/04/undergrads-abby-burtner-and-sneha-subramanian-are-in-the-husky-100/) - Two of our undergraduate researchers have been recognized by the University of Washington as leaders and innovators.
- [Lynda Stuart on open science and biotech hubs](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/04/lynda-stuart-on-open-science-and-biotech-hubs/) - “The Pacific Northwest has the compute, it has the biotech, but it also has a kind of culture of collaboration and sharing that is not present in certain other parts of the country."
- [Nature: "‘A landmark moment’: scientists use AI to design antibodies from scratch"](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/04/nature-a-landmark-moment-scientists-use-ai-to-design-antibodies-from-scratch/) - In a proof-of-concept study, we show that RFdiffusion can be tuned to generate antibodies that bind influenza and other targets.
- [Undergraduate researcher Abigail Burtner receives Churchill Scholarship](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/03/abigail-burtner-receives-churchill-scholarship/) - Among the most prestigious of all undergraduate honors, the award will cover the full cost of a Master's degree in pathology at the University of Cambridge.
- [David Baker on AI, open science, and building biotech startups](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/03/david-baker-on-ai-open-science-and-building-biotech-startups/) - Our director recently share his thoughts on the impact of AI on life science startups. He spoke with Jenny Cronin, principal at the AI2 Incubator.
- [Our commitment to responsible AI development](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/03/our-commitment-to-responsible-ai-development/) - To maximize the benefits and minimizing risks of AI for protein design, IPD director David Baker and scores of other senior scientists across 20 countries have signed a community agreement with ten actionable commitments and invited others in the field to join them. The Institute for Protein Design is playing a key role in an
- [From AI to anti-venom: Celebrating our women in science](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/02/celebrating-international-women-in-science-day/) - To commemorate the International Day of Women and Girls in Science on February 11, we're shining a spotlight on some of the extraordinary women we have had the privilege to work with.
- [David Baker and George Church call for enhanced controls on DNA synthesis](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/01/david-baker-and-george-church-call-for-enhanced-controls-on-dna-synthesis/) - To maintain biosecurity in the age of AI, all synthesized DNA sequences should be screened and logged, according to two leading scientists.
- [Nature: "Seven technologies to watch in 2024"](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/01/nature-seven-technologies-to-watch-in-2024/) - AI-enabled protein design is a technology area you'll want to keep an eye on, according to Nature. With massive training datasets and ever more sophisticated deep-learning approaches, tools like our own RFdiffusion All-Atom are opening the door to custom enzymes, advanced biomaterials, and more. From Nature: Deep learning for protein design Two decades ago, David
- [Nanopore designers receive first commercialization grant](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/01/nanopore-designers-win-wrf-grant/) - With support from the Washington Research Foundation, this project aims to create new interfaces between biology and electronics for multi-omics applications​​.
- [AI generates proteins with exceptional binding strengths](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/12/ai-generates-proteins-with-exceptional-binding-strengths/) - This advance could allow scientists to create cheaper alternatives to antibodies for disease detection and treatment. This week we report in Nature an AI-enabled advance in biotechnology with implications for drug development, disease detection, and environmental monitoring. Using a combination of traditional and deep learning based molecular design approaches, we've created proteins that bind with
- [A new path to carbon storage](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/12/a-new-path-to-carbon-storage/) - Our research shows that custom proteins can drive the growth of limestone-like minerals, a breakthrough that may one day help remove excess carbon from the environment.
- [IPD scientists will pilot new National AI Research Resource](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2024/05/ipd-to-pilot-nairr-ai-research-resource/) - NAIRR aims to democratize advanced AI research by providing academics with large-scale computing resources.
- [UW establishes the Institute for Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2012/04/uw-to-establish-institute-for-protein-design/) - Hello, world.
- [Takeda acquires PvP Biologics](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/02/ipd-spinout-pvp-biologics-acquired-by-takeda/) - PvP Biologics is on a mission to develop a highly-effective therapeutic to reduce the burden of living with celiac disease. They are advancing an oral enzyme — TAK-062 — designed to break down gluten in the stomach. This exciting research, which began as an iGEM project in 2011, was matured at the Institute for Protein
- [George Ueda and James Lazarovits awarded WRF translational funding](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/05/5857/) - The Washington Entrepreneurial Research Evaluation and Commercialization Hub (WE-REACH) has announced investments in three new awards, including one to researches at the Institute for Protein Design, to expedite early-stage product development for promising biomedical innovations. The three awards are intended to reduce skin injury from wound dressing, to treat COVID-19 induced viral sepsis, and to
- [Stephanie Berger wins additional WRF translational funding](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/09/berger-l-translational-funding-ibd/) - Washington Research Foundation (WRF) has awarded a $700,000 phase three technology commercialization grant to Stephanie Berger, Ph.D., to support the development of an oral biologic for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Berger, a translational investigator at the Institute for Protein Design, received two previous grants totaling $300,500 from WRF for this work. IBD affects roughly three
- [Anindya Roy wins Go-To-Market Award for drug development](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/05/anindya-roy-wins-go-to-market-award-for-drug-development/) - The Washington Entrepreneurial Research Evaluation and Commercialization Hub (WE-REACH) is pleased to announce a product concept award for Dr. Anindya Roy and his team at the UW Medicine Institute for Protein Design, including Drs. Jake Kraft and Hua Bai. They are developing a novel binder protein in an aerosolized delivery system to treat idiopathic pulmonary
- [Celebrating our 10-year anniversary](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/08/celebrating-ten-year-anniversary-party/) - This week we celebrated the 10-year anniversary of the Institute for Protein Design. Current members, advisors, supporters, and old friends all came together on campus to share memories and forge new friendships. It was a night to remember. A lot has changed in the past decade. At our founding, the concept of protein design
- [Establishing our first international translational research project](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/01/establishing-our-first-international-translational-research-project/) - From our partners at the BioInnovation Institute: BioInnovation Institute (BII), an international enterprise foundation with a non-profit objective incubating and accelerating world-class life science research, announces today that it has accepted a new project into its Bio Studio program. Based on recent breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and protein design, the project is creating a
- [Top-down design of protein architectures with reinforcement learning](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/04/protein-design-reinforcement-learning/) - Today we report in Science [PDF] the successful application of reinforcement learning to a challenge in protein design. This research is a milestone in the use of artificial intelligence for science, and the potential applications are vast, from developing more effective cancer treatments to new biodegradable textiles. A team led by scientists in the Baker
- [Derrick Hicks receives WRF translational funding](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/09/derrick-hicks-receives-wrf-translational-funding/) - The $250,000 grant will enable Hicks and colleagues to compare novel technology with established approaches to treating a range of cancers.
- [Rosetta Designed Protein (Toca 511), Now Offering Hope to Brain Cancer Patients](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2013/09/rosetta-designed-protein-toca-511-now-offering-hope-to-brain-cancer-patients/) - Brain cancer is a serious unmet medical challenge, and Washington state is one of the leading research clusters working on glioblastoma. Here we report on how RosettaDesign proteins are being used to treat brain cancer! Read more about this important translational protein design effort here.
- [Institute for Protein Design Infograph](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2013/10/institute-for-protein-design-infograph/) - [soliloquy id="345"]
- [Automating Human Intuition for Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2013/11/automating-human-intuition-for-protein-design/) - IPD researchers in the Baker group have improved protein computational design algorithms by "Automating human intuition for protein design." Read more at this link.
- [Beyond Evolution: Protein Design News and Art](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/04/beyond-evolution-protein-design-news-and-art/) - Re/Code writer James Temple has written an interesting article on David Baker's efforts to design a new world of proteins. The article covers the IPD efforts to design proteins that neutralize the flu virus, Alzheimer's disease amyloid protein, and how the IPD is engaging citizen scientists in the Rosetta@home and Foldit projects. Learn more at
- [WRF Awards $8M for the IPD Innovation Fellows Program](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/05/wrf-awards-8m-for-the-ipd-innovation-fellows-program/) - May 15, 2014 With a very generous $8 M gift from the Washington Research Foundation (WRF), the IPD has launched the WRF-IPD Innovation Fellows Program supporting research partnerships between the IPD and other Seattle-area research institutes or UW departments. We are recruiting exceptionally talented researchers who have just finished their PhD to join expert laboratories at local institutions where they
- [Women in Science Lunch Discussion](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/05/women-in-science-lunch-discussion/) - A recent Nature issue exposed the dismaying fact that many women are deterred from pursuing a career in science, especially at the highest levels (postdoctoral positions, faculty position, scientific advisory boards to start up companies, etc). To talk about this significant gender gap in science and the issues female scientists face, Baker lab members participated
- [Removing T-cell Epitopes with Computational Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/05/removing-t-cell-epitopes-with-computational-protein-design/) - In a recent PNAS paper entitled “Removing T-cell epitopes with computational protein design”, IPD researchers combine machine learning with computational protein design to demonstrate immune silencing of protein targets. This deimmunization has the potential to reduce or eliminate immunogenicity of protein therapeutics. Learn more at this link.
- [Letter from the Director - IPD Update](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/08/letter-from-the-director-ipd-update/) - Read a letter from Institute for Protein Design Director Dr. David Baker summarizing the exciting accomplishments and progress made at the IPD in the past year.
- [The Power of Charity for Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/08/the-power-of-charity-for-protein-design/) - Read a post about how the power of volunteer computing drives advances in protein design! Learn more at the link.
- [Hiking the South Peak of The Brothers](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/08/hiking-the-south-peak-of-the-brothers/) - Watch a video documenting a recent hike at The Brothers in the Olympics. IPD scientists, mountain goats, and stellar views - oh my!
- [Engineering an Oral Therapeutic for Celiac Disease](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/08/engineering-an-oral-therapeutic-for-celiac-disease/) - Learn how the IPD and Translational Investigator Dr. Ingrid Swanson Pultz are developing Kumamax, an oral therapeutic candidate for celiac disease. A slide presentation and more information at the link.
- [Custom design of novel alphahelical bundles](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/10/custom-design-of-helical-bundles/) - A new paper is out in this week's issue of Science entitled High thermodynamic stability of parametrically designed helical bundles. Using novel computational design methods, extremely stable helical bundles can be custom designed with fine-tuned structural geometries for a number of applications. Read more about this exciting work at this link.
- [IPD Mini Symposium 2014](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/12/ipd-mini-symposium-2014/) - The UW Institute of Protein Design (IPD) presents a Mini Symposium on “Sweet Spots for Designed Proteins as Therapeutics” on Weds Dec 10 at 9 AM in HSB D-209. Follow the link to get more details! We hope to see you there!
- [IPD Mini Symposium - Jan 20 2015](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2015/01/ipd-mini-symposium-2/) - Our next Mini Symposium will be hosted on Jan 20 2015 and will feature Drs. Bill DeGrado (UCSF) and Gevorg Grigoryan (Dartmouth) speaking on "New Approaches to Protein Design". More information at this link.
- [Independent Study Opportunity for Foster MBA Students](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2015/01/independent-study-opportunity-for-foster-mba-students/) - The Institute for Protein Design is seeking an MBA student to work with Institute leadership to collect market data on small molecule therapeutic targets for protein design. More information about this exciting independent study opportunity can be found on our Employment page here.
- [AAAS 2015 Plenary Lecture by David Baker](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2015/02/aaas-2015-plenary-lecture-by-david-baker/) - David Baker, IPD Director and Professor of Biochemistry at the UW was the Plenary Speaker at this year's AAAS meeting in San Francisco. A video of his talk, titled 'Post-Evolutionary Biology: Design of Novel Protein Structures, Functions, and Assemblies' covers a breadth of information on ongoing IPD research and can be viewed at the following
- [One-carbon pathway PNAS paper featured in Nature Chem Bio](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2015/05/one-carbon-pathway-pnas-paper-featured-in-nature-chem-bio/) - The exciting protein design work by IPD researchers and collaborators in PNAS titled Computational protein design enables a novel one-carbon assimilation pathway has been featured in a Nature Chemical Biology News and Views piece. Follow the link to check it out: nchembio.1819
- [New structure solved for hyperthermophilic DNA virus](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2015/05/new-science-paper-out-from-ipd-faculty-dr-frank-dimaio/) - A new Science paper is out from IPD faculty Dr. Frank DiMaio titled A virus that infects a hyperthermophile encapsidates A-form DNA. Read the abstract below and the article at the link: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/348/6237/914.full.pdf Extremophiles, microorganisms thriving in extreme environmental conditions, must have proteins and nucleic acids that are stable at extremes of temperature and pH. The nonenveloped,
- [IPD Launches First Company Spinout](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2015/06/cyrus-biotechnology-launches-2/) - Seattle, WA Today, we are announcing that Cyrus Biotechnology, has been successfully launched from the UW Institute for Protein Design (IPD) to pursue commercialization of an innovative user friendly software as a service (SaaS) cloud computing solution for distribution of the powerful “Rosetta” protein structure prediction and design algorithms. “Cyrus is the first new IPD
- [IPD at Xconomy's EXOME's Seattle's Life Science Disruptors 2016](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/05/ipd-at-xconomys-exomes-seattles-life-science-disruptors-2016/) - On Monday, representatives from the IPD spoke on a panel at Xconomy's EXOME's Seattle's Life Science Disruptors 2016 event. It was titled "Proteins Like You've Never Seen" and included Lucas Nivon (Cyrus), Ingrid Swanson Putlz (PvP Biologics), Aaron Chevalier (Virvio), and David Baker. The event's description was as follows: Seattle is one of the few
- [The IPD Moves Into the New Molecular Engineering and Sciences Building](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2012/09/the-ipd-moves-into-the-new-molecular-engineering-and-sciences-building/) - The Institute for Protein Design has moved into the new Molecular Engineering & Sciences Building located in the heart of the University of Washington Seattle campus.
- [2018 IPD Newsletter from David Baker](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2018/07/2018-ipd-newsletter-from-david-baker/) - It was a great year for the Institute for Protein Design and we couldn’t have done all of our amazing work without the support from our donors and contributors! Thank you to everyone who helped us, whether through a donation, collaboration, playing Foldit, or otherwise. We’ve filled the IPD Newsletter with all of the progress
- [2017 IPD Newsletter from David Baker](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2017/09/2017-ipd-newsletter-from-david-baker/) - It was a great year for the Institute for Protein Design and we couldn't have done all of our amazing work without the support from our donors and contributors! Thank you to everyone who helped us, whether through a donation, collaboration, playing Foldit, or otherwise. We've filled the IPD Newsletter with all of the progress
- [2016 IPD Newsletter from David Baker](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/08/2016-ipd-newsletter-from-david-baker/) - It was a great year for the Institute for Protein Design and we couldn't have done all of our amazing work without the support from our donors and contributors! Thank you to everyone who helped us, whether through a donation, collaboration, playing Foldit, or otherwise. We've filled the IPD Newsletter with all of the progress
- [Annual Report 2022](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/08/annual-report-2022/) - Protein design reached two major milestones this year: Our Institute succeeded in producing its first fully-approved medicine, and our spinout companies have together raised over one billion dollars in capital. We are pleased to present this overview of the progress made at the Institute for Protein Design during the past year. 2022 Annual Report
- [Annual Report 2020](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/08/annual-report-2020/) - From our COVID-19 response to spinout highlights, we are pleased to present this overview of the progress made at the Institute for Protein Design during the past year. Annual Report 2020
- [Annual Report 2021](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/07/annual-report-2021/) - From our deep-learning research to our new clinical trials, we are pleased to present this overview of the progress made at the Institute for Protein Design during the past year. 2021 Annual Report
- [Introducing our Audacious Project](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/04/our-audacious-project/) - We've been selected to join The Audacious Project, a philanthropic collaborative organized by TED. Read all about our project here. In short, we're expanding our institute into a global hub of innovation so that protein design can be applied to help solve some of the world's most pressing challenges. Our director David Baker gave an
- [Designing a stable and potent RSV vaccine candidate](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/03/ipds-first-nanoparticle-vaccine/) - Today we report in Cell our first computer-designed nanoparticle vaccine targeting respiratory syncytial virus, the primary cause of pneumonia in young children and the leading cause of infant mortality worldwide after malaria. Although virtually every child will get infected by RSV before the age of three, an estimated 99 percent of deaths associated with the
- [CASP3-11 Results Published in E-Life](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2015/11/casp3-11-results-published-in-e-life/) - In the early 1990s, researchers in the field of protein structure prediction were challenged by the problem of how to impartially judge the accuracy of prediction algorithms. This realization led the protein structure prediction the community to start the Critical Assessment of protein Structure Prediction (CASP), a community-wide, worldwide experiment for protein structure prediction taking
- [Big moves in protein structure prediction and design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2015/12/big-moves-in-protein-structure-prediction-and-design/) - [envira-gallery id="3246"] Custom design with atomic level accuracy enables researchers to craft a whole new world of proteins Naturally occurring proteins are the nanoscale machines that carry out essentially all of the critical functions in living things. While it has been known for over 40 years that the sequence of amino acids completely determines the
- [Dr. Ingrid Swanson Pultz on UW Medicine Pulse](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/01/dr-ingrid-swanson-pultz-on-uw-medicine-pulse/) - Recently, UW Medicine Pulse released a podcast featuring none other than our very own Ingrid Swanson Pultz! They talked to her about KumaMax and how it would help those with Celiac's disease. Go here to see their post on it and listen to the podcast! Would you like to contribute to her research? Please go
- [Flu Binder Paper Debuts in PLOS Pathogens](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/02/flu-binder-paper-debuts-in-plos-pathogens/) - Today at 11am, the paper titled "A Computationally Designed Hemagglutinin Stem-Binding Protein Provides In Vivo Protection from Influenza Independent of a Host Immune Response" was published to the PLOS Pathogen website. This paper was contributed to by several IPD members, including Aaron Chevalier, Jorgen Nelson, Lance Stewart, Lauren Carter, and David Baker. The research was performed
- [Arzeda and Mitsubishi Rayon Ltd announce new industrial collaboration](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/02/arzeda-and-mitsubishi-rayon-ltd-announce-new-industrial-collaboration/) - On February 9th, Arzeda, and Mitsubishi Rayon Ltd announced that they would "collaborate on development of new processes for industrial chemicals production." Read more about it on Mitsubishi Rayon's website, here, or on Arzeda's site, here. Arzeda is an IPD spin-out, of which David Baker is a co-founder and Scientific Advisory Board Member.
- [Franziska Seeger @ Ignite Seattle](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/02/franziska-seeger-ignite-seattle/) - On February 18th, WRF Fellow Franziska Seeger gave a talk about proteins at Ignite Seattle. Presenters have 5 minutes to speak to the audience and deliver whatever point they are trying to get across. They also cannot control their slides, so they have to have their timing perfect. Talk about pressure! However, we believe that
- [De novo design makes a splash](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/05/de-novo-design-makes-a-splash/) - A paper recently published in Science by several members of the IPD, in collaboration with others, entitled "De novo design of protein homo-oligomers with modular hydrogen-bond network-mediated specificity," discusses designing proteins in a similar way to DNA so that they may be used to engineer structures. Geekwire has written up a great article about the paper;
- [Icosahedral protein nanocage – new paper and podcast](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/06/icosahedral-protein-nanocage-new-paper-and-podcast/) - The Baker lab, in collaboration with Neil King, Trisha Davis and Tamir Gonen's labs, recently had a paper published in Nature about a stable icosahedral nanocage whose applications could span anywhere from drug delivery to vaccine design! The title is "Design of a hyperstable 60-subunit protein icosahedron" and it was published online June 15, 2016.
- [Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Day and New Foldit puzzle](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/09/limb-girdle-muscular-dystrophy-day-and-new-foldit-puzzle/) - Today is Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Day, and the Institute for Protein Design is collaborating with the Jain Foundation and Foldit community to to model the structure of human dysferlin protein (DYSF), an important protein for normal muscle function. Numerous mutations in the gene that encodes DYSF protein are known to be the cause of
- [Stopping Influenza with Flu-Glue](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2017/06/stopping-influenza-with-flu-glue/) - Today, a multidisciplinary team of researchers at the University of Washington, Fred Hutch, and The Scripps Research Institute published in Nature Biotechnology the computational design of a trimeric influenza-neutralizing protein that binds extremely tightly to the H3 hemagglutinin of 1968 Hong Kong pandemic influenza virus (A/Hong Kong/X31/1968). It also cross-reacts with human relevant H1, H2 and
- [5 questions about LOCKR from our Reddit AMA](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/08/5-questions-about-lockr-from-our-reddit-ama/) - Researchers from the IPD and UCSF recently participated in a Reddit Ask Me Anything about LOCKR, our new de novo protein switch. Reddit users had dozens of fantastic questions — so many, in fact, that the team ran out of time before they could address them all. “The questions were both insightful and interesting,” says
- [Institute for Protein Design Establishes Advisory Board](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2015/01/ipd-establishes-advisory-board/) - The Institute for Protein Design is pleased to announce its new advisory board! Follow the link to our news release for more information on our board members.
- [Arzeda scales its automated molecule development pipeline](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/11/arzeda-scales-its-automated-molecule-development-pipeline/) - Seattle-based Arzeda, a computational and synthetic biology company that was spun out from the University of Washington labs of Prof. David Baker, recently announced that its high-throughput, automated pipeline for protein engineering and pathway discovery had been validated by the production of two keystone molecules. The announcement is a major technical milestone for Arzeda’s approach
- [Cyrus hires new EVP of Sales](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2015/10/cyrus-hires-new-evp-of-sales/) - Cyrus Biotechnology, the first company spinout from the IPD's Translational Investigator Program, welcomes their new EVP of Sales, Rosario Caltabiano. Follow the link to the Cyrus website to learn more: http://cyrusbio.com/2015/10/01/cyrus-welcomes-evp-rosario-caltabiano/
- [New spinout: PvP Biologics!](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/12/new-spinout-pvp-biologics/) - We are happy to congratulate Ingrid Swanson Pultz, an IPD Translational Investigator, and Clancey Wolf, a Research Scientist, on PvP Biologics' spinout! The news was announced this morning and has been circulated through various outlets. The company, created in 2015, is focusing on advancing KumaMax, a gluten-fighting enzyme that could potentially be taken orally to
- [PvP Bio Announces $35M agreement with Takeda](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2017/01/pvp-bio-announces-35m-agreement-with-takeda/) - On January 5th, recent IPD spin-out PvP Biologics announced their agreement with Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. The $35 million deal includes an option to acquire PvP at a later point. PvP has released a statement on their website, and the agreement was highly covered by other news sources, which can be found at the
- [Arzeda Raises $12M for Computational Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2017/07/arzeda-raises-12m-for-computational-protein-design/) - Today, Baker lab spin out company Arzeda announced that it had raised $12 million in a Series A round of funding led by OS Fund and including Bioeconomy Capital and Sustainable Conversion Ventures, as well as a follow-on investment from Arzeda’s seed investor, WRF Capital (a major supporter of the IPD). The new funding will enable "Technology
- [Cyrus Raises $8M to Advance Cloud-Based Protein Modeling and Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2017/07/cyrus-raises-8m-to-advance-cloud-based-protein-modeling-and-design/) - Today, the first IPD spin out company Cyrus Biotechnology announced the closing of an $8M total Series A financing. The investment was led by Trinity Ventures, with participation from OrbiMed Advisors, SpringRock Ventures, W Fund, WRF Capital (a major supporter of the IPD), and individual investors. Congratulations Cyrus team! Cyrus is commercializing Cyrus Bench® an innovative user friendly software as
- [David Baker profiled in The New York Times](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2018/01/end-of-year-profile-in-the-new-york-times/) - At the end of a historic year for protein design, the Baker Lab was honored to be profiled in the New York Times by science writer Carl Zimmer. He writes about the technology, progress, and promise in the field, including the contributions from our wonderful crowdsource participants. On the technology front, Rosetta continues to improve each
- [How synthetic biology could treat celiac disease](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2018/12/synthetic-biology-celiac-disease/) - Dr. Ingrid Pultz, an IPD Translational Investigator and Chief Scientific Officer at PvP Biologics, has written a special report for the American Council on Science and Health about how protein design is being used to help fight celiac disease. Pultz describes how an international competition, a video game, and venture capital all aligned to help
- [Our publication was voted '2018 Reader's Choice' by Nature News & Views](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/01/nature-article-on-ipd-work-voted-2018-readers-choice/) - Readers of Nature News & Views selected an article about our work as their 2018 Reader's Choice. The article, written by Roberto Chica of the University of Ottawa, details our recent publication on de novo fluorescence-activating proteins and explores the challenges of de novo protein design more generally. From the article: "The development and application
- [Open Philanthropy awards $11.3 million  to the Institute for Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2018/04/open-philanthropy-project-awards-11-3-million-to-institute-for-protein-design-at-uw-medicine-to-unlock-the-secrets-of-proteins-and-seek-a-universal-flu-vaccine/) - The funds will support our technological revolution in protein design and enable the development of a universal flu vaccine. The $11.3 gift is one of the largest made to date by the San Francisco-based philanthropy in support of science. It is also the first to go to UW Medicine. The gift comes in two parts:
- [Our outstanding postdoc mentors](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/05/postdoc-mentoring-awards/) - We're thrilled to share that four members of our Institute have been nominated for the UW Graduate School’s Postdoc Mentoring Award. Each brings invaluable guidance and advice to their graduate student and undergraduate trainees. This Year's Winner: Gabriella Wolff, Biology Finalists: Michael Beyeler, Psychology David Grossnickle, Biology Matthew Hart, Pathology Karla-Luise Herpoldt, Biochemistry Kelly Hines,
- [Feature: The computational protein designers](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/07/technology-feature-the-computational-protein-designers/) - Jeffrey Perkel, technology editor at Nature, has just written a feature on de novo protein design. PDF
- [Introducing WE-REACH, a new biomedical innovation hub](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/01/introducing-we-reach-a-new-biomedical-innovation-hub/) - With $4 million in matching funds from the National Institutes of Health, the University of Washington has created a new integrated center to match biomedical discoveries with the resources needed to bring innovative products to the public and improve health. “The University of Washington and regional partner institutions produce some of the most exciting biomedical
- [Icosavax launches to advance designer vaccines](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/10/icosavax-launches-to-advance-designer-vaccines/) - Icosavax, Inc. today announced its launch with a $51 million Series A financing. The company was founded on computationally designed self-assembling virus-like particle (VLP) technology developed here at the IPD (Cell 2019, Preview). The proceeds of the financing will be used to advance the company’s first vaccine candidate, IVX-121, for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) for
- [Neoleukin: from spinout to public company in 7 months](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/08/neoleukin-from-spinout-to-public-company-in-7-months/) - IPD-spinout Neoleukin Therapeutics announced this week a merger with Aquinox Pharmaceuticals, a publicly traded company. The combined company will change its name to Neoleukin Therapeutics, and will continue to advance its Rosetta-designed protein platform for cancer, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases. Neoleukin was spun out of the IPD Translational Investigator Program in January. As a result
- [Radhika wins poster award at ABRCMS](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/11/radhika-wins-poster-award-at-abrcms/) - Undergraduate researcher Radhika Dalal took home a poster award at this year's Annual Biomedical Research Conference for Minority Students in Anaheim, California. Her mentors include IPD graduate student Una Natterman and Quinton Dowling. Way to go, Radhika! And congratulations to all the award winners:
- [Dr. Berger selected for WE-REACH funding](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/07/dr-berger-selected-for-we-reach-funding/) - The Washington Entrepreneurial Research Evaluation and Commercialization Hub (WE-REACH) has announced its first awards to facilitate early-stage product development for two biomedical innovations. WE-REACH invests up to $200,000 per awarded project. Funding comes from the NIH with matching support from our partners at the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, CoMotion, the Institute for Protein
- [Dr. Berger awarded WRF translational funding](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/02/dr-berger-awarded-wrf-translational-funding/) - Washington Research Foundation (WRF) has provided a $250,000 grant to support work carried out by Stephanie Berger, Ph.D., on a new therapeutic for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A grant of $50,500 from WRF in 2019 and an award from Washington Entrepreneurial Research Evaluation and Commercialization Hub (WE-REACH) in 2020 enabled Berger, a translational investigator at the
- [Dr. Roy awarded WRF translational funding](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/07/dr-roy-awarded-wrf-translational-funding/) - Washington Research Foundation (WRF) has awarded a $250,000 phase 2 technology commercialization grant to Anindya Roy, Ph.D., to further develop a novel miniprotein binder for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Roy, an acting instructor in David Baker’s lab at the University of Washington’s Institute for Protein Design (IPD), is building on positive results
- [On the passing of Tachi Yamada](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/08/on-the-passing-of-tachi-yamada/) - Tadataka "Tachi" Yamada MD, KBE served as the Advisory Board Chair of our Institute since its founding almost ten years ago. His tremendous mentorship helped us in innumerable ways to grow from a single-PI Institute founded by David Baker to a group of five faculty and almost 200 scientists and staff. Tachi also helped
- [Biosensor startup Monod secures $25M seed financing](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/08/biosensor-startup-monod-secures-25m-seed-financing/) - Monod Bio, a life sciences company developing custom diagnostic biosensors that emit light to detect specific biomolecules of interest, today announced it has raised a $25M seed financing round. The round was led by Matrix Capital, with participation from the Global Health Investment Corporation, Cercano Management, The Washington Research Foundation, Boom Capital Ventures, Sahsen Ventures,
- [Lazarovits and Ueda receive WRF translational funding](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/02/lazarovits-and-ueda-receive-wrf-translational-funding/) - Washington Research Foundation (WRF) has awarded a $498,804 technology commercialization grant to Institute for Protein Design researchers Drs. James Lazarovits and George Ueda. The funding will enable Lazarovits and Ueda to further develop their “plug and play” Antibody Cage (AbC) Platform, which converts antibodies into new structures that uniquely bind multiple targets to improve treatment
- [EMERALD: Automatically locate ligands in cyroEM maps](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/03/emerald-automatically-locate-ligands-in-cyroem-maps/) - Under ideal conditions, cryo-electron microscopy can be used to determine protein structures at near-atomic resolution. But conditions are not always perfect. To help researchers make use of medium-resolution cryo-electron density maps, scientists in the DiMaio Lab have developed EMERALD, which is a new software tool that can accurately and automatically produce deposition-ready small molecule models
- [RFdiffusion now free and open source](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/03/rf-diffusion-now-free-and-open-source/) - Today we are making RFdiffusion, our artificial intelligence (AI) program that can generate novel proteins with potential applications in medicine, vaccines, and advanced materials, free for both non-profit and for-profit use under a governed license. The software, which has been tested in our labs, is much faster and more capable than prior protein design tools.
- [AstraZeneca to buy Icosavax for $1.1B](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/12/astrazeneca-to-buy-icosavax-for-1-billion/) - We launched Icosavax in 2019 to create better vaccines. We're thrilled their protein design approach may soon protect people from respiratory diseases, including RSV.
- [David Baker receives Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Spain](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/06/david-baker-receives-frontiers-of-knowledge-award-in-spain/) - From the BBVA Foundation: The BBVA Foundation awarded the Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Biomedicine in this fifteenth edition to David Baker, Demis Hassabis and John Jumper “for their contributions to the use of artificial intelligence for the accurate prediction of the three-dimensional structure of proteins.” In the words of the committee, the winners achieved
- [Nature: "AI tools are designing entirely new proteins that could transform medicine"](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/07/ai-tools-are-designing-entirely-new-proteins-that-could-transform-medicine/) - RFdiffusion was published in Nature this week. The journal reports on how it and other generative algorithms are being used to create custom biomolecules in seconds.
- [High schoolers try protein design at UW's Summer STEM Camp](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/08/high-schoolers-try-protein-design-at-summer-stem-camp/) - Our team engaged 60 high schoolers in hands-on science at UW's STEM camp. Students explored AI for molecular design and purified real proteins in the lab.
- [NPR: "Scientists are using AI to speed up discoveries"](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/10/npr-scientists-are-using-ai-to-speed-up-discoveries/) - NPR senior editor and correspondent Geoff Blumfiel recently visited our labs as part of his coverage of how artificial intelligence is accelerating scientific research.
- [Introducing All-Atom versions of RoseTTAFold and RFdiffusion](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/10/introducing-rosettafold-and-rfdiffusion-all-atom/) - Recent deep-learning breakthroughs expand the types of proteins that can be modeled and designed using our software.
- [Results from our summit on responsible AI](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/10/responsible-ai-summit/) - Convened on October 25, the meeting explored how to responsibly develop software for creating new proteins. The event included leading academics from around the world and representatives from several industry, philanthropic, and government organizations.
- [Lynda Stuart Joins CEPI's Scientific Advisory Committee](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/11/lynda-stuart-joins-cepi-scientific-advisory-committee/) - CEPI, a key player in global health initiatives, has added nine new experts to help steer its innovative work on vaccine development and outbreak response.
- [Introducing the Srivatsan Lab](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/11/introducing-the-srivatsan-lab/) - Housed at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, the Srivatsan Lab will use protein design to uncover the intricate dance between genes and cells.
- [Lynda Stuart appointed Executive Director of the Institute for Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/05/lynda-stuart-appointed-executive-director-of-the-institute-for-protein-design/) - Dr. Lynda Stuart is a physician, scientist, and advocate for healthcare as a human right with over 20 years of experience in immunology, global health, and product development.
- [NYT: "A.I. Turns Its Artistry to Creating New Human Proteins"](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/01/a-i-turns-its-artistry-to-creating-new-human-proteins/) - The New York TImes has reported on how, Inspired by digital image generators like DALL-E, our scientists are building artificial intelligences that can fight cancer, flu and COVID-19.
- [NBC: "Scientists use new A.I. tech to fight diseases"](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/02/scientists-use-new-a-i-tech-to-fight-diseases/) - NBC reports on how our scientists are harnessing artificial intelligence to improve how proteins for medicines and vaccines are developed.
- [C&EN: "Generative AI is dreaming up new proteins"](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/04/generative-ai-is-dreaming-up-new-proteins/) - Chemical & Engineering News reports that it's time for chatbots and image generation to move over. AI-powered protein design is having a moment.
- [A diffusion model for protein design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/12/a-diffusion-model-for-protein-design/) - Update (July 2023): Our manuscript on the development of RFdiffusion has been published in Nature. A team led by scientists from the Baker Lab has created a powerful new way of designing proteins that combines structure prediction networks and generative diffusion models. The team demonstrated extremely high computational success using the new method and experimentally
- [ProteinMPNN excels at creating new proteins](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/09/proteinmpnn-excels-at-creating-new-proteins/) - Over the past two years, machine learning has revolutionized protein structure prediction. Now, three papers in Science describe a similar revolution in protein design. In the new papers, scientists in the Baker lab show that machine learning can be used to create proteins much more accurately and quickly than previously possible. This could lead to
- [Undergrad researcher Hannah Han is in the Husky 100](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/04/undergrad-researcher-hannah-han-is-in-the-husky-100/) - The University of Washington today announced that IPD Undergraduate Researcher Hannah Han is among the 2023 Husky 100. Each year, the Husky 100 recognizes 100 undergraduate and graduate students from the UW Bothell, Seattle, and Tacoma campuses in all areas of study who are making the most of their time at the University of Washington.
- [Abigail Burtner named a UW Goldwater Scholar](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/04/abigail-burtner-named-a-uw-goldwater-scholar/) - Five University of Washington undergraduates have been honored as Goldwater Scholars by the Goldwater Foundation, marking 2023 as the first time five students from the UW were named in a single year. The Goldwater Foundation awards undergraduate scholarships to students who show exceptional academic promise pursuing research careers in the natural sciences, mathematics and engineering. The
- [Design of binders for disordered targets](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/04/design-of-binders-for-disordered-targets/) - Today we report in Nature the design of proteins that recognize and bind to the so-called “intrinsically disordered regions” of proteins and peptides. The body produces such disordered molecules naturally, but many have been linked to health disorders, including myeloma and other cancers. “Disordered proteins play important roles in biology. By designing new proteins that
- [Degreaser: Improving protein secretion](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/03/degreaser-improving-protein-secretion/) - King Lab postdoctoral scholars John Wang and Alena Khmelinskaia have developed a new tool for identifying and removing hidden transmembrane sequences that hinder protein secretion.
- [De novo design of small beta barrel proteins](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/03/de-novo-design-of-small-beta-barrel-proteins/) - The de novo design of small proteins with beta-barrel topologies has been a challenge for computational design due to the complexity inherent in these folds. In a new study appearing in PNAS, a team led by Baker Lab research scientist David E. Kim describes the successful design and characterization of four different classes of small
- [Machine learning generates custom enzymes](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/02/machine-learning-generates-custom-enzymes/) - Today we report in Nature the computational design of highly efficient enzymes unlike any found in nature. Laboratory testing confirms that the new light-emitting enzymes can recognize specific chemical substrates and catalyze the emission of photons very efficiently.
- [David Baker to present at the NIH Director’s Lecture Series](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/12/david-baker-to-present-at-the-nih-directors-lecture-series/) - David Baker presented at the NIH Director’s Wednesday Afternoon Lecture Series on December 14, 2022. From the National Institutes of Health: The NIH Director’s Wednesday Afternoon Lecture Series, colloquially known as WALS, is the highest-profile lecture program at the NIH. Traditionally, lectures have occurred on most Wednesdays from September through June from 3:00 to 4:00
- [Frontiers of Knowledge Award goes to David Baker, Demis Hassabis and John Jumper](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023/01/frontiers-of-knowledge-award-goes-to-david-baker-demis-hassabis-and-john-jumper/) - The 15th BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Biology and Biomedicine has gone to David Baker, Demis Hassabis and John Jumper “for their contributions to the use of artificial intelligence for the accurate prediction of the three-dimensional structure of proteins." From the BBVA Foundation: Baker – a Professor of Biochemistry at the University of
- [RoseTTAFold: Accurate protein structure prediction accessible to all](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/07/rosettafold-accurate-protein-structure-prediction-accessible-to-all/) - Today we report the development and initial applications of RoseTTAFold, a software tool that uses deep learning to quickly and accurately predict protein structures based on limited information. Without the aid of such software, it can take years of laboratory work to determine the structure of just one protein. With RoseTTAFold, a protein structure can be
- [Design of membrane-traversing peptides leads to new spinout](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/08/design-of-membrane-traversing-peptides-leads-to-new-spinout/) - Researchers at the Institute for Protein Design have discovered how to create peptides that slip through membranes and enter cells. This drug design breakthrough may lead to new medications for a wide variety of health disorders, including cancer, infection, and inflammation. This research appears in the journal Cell [PDF]. “This new ability to design membrane-permeable
- [Training A.I. to generate medicines and vaccines](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/07/training-a-i-to-generate-medicines-and-vaccines/) - Today we report in Science [PDF] the development of artificial intelligence software that can create proteins that may be useful as vaccines, cancer treatments, or even tools for pulling carbon pollution out of the air. This project was led by Jue Wang, Doug Tischer, and Joseph L. Watson, who are postdoctoral scholars at UW Medicine,
- [AWS gift supports protein structure prediction and design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/06/aws-gift-supports-protein-structure-prediction-and-design/) - Amazon Web Services (AWS), a leading cloud computing platform, is donating server time to the Institute for Protein Design to accelerate research in protein structure prediction and design. Computing credits valued at over $1M will be used to train optimized versions of RoseTTAFold for higher accuracy. The research will also support the ongoing development of
- [COVID-19 vaccine with IPD nanoparticles seeks full approval](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/04/covid-19-vaccine-with-ipd-nanoparticles-seeks-full-approval/) - A COVID-19 vaccine developed at the University of Washington School of Medicine has proven safe and effective in late-stage clinical testing. SK bioscience, the company leading the vaccine’s clinical development abroad, is seeking full approval for its use in South Korea and beyond. If approved by regulators, the vaccine will be made available through COVAX,
- [Custom biosensors for detecting coronavirus antibodies in blood](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/04/custom-biosensors-for-detecting-coronavirus-antibodies-in-blood/) - Today we report in Nature Biotechnology the design of custom protein-based biosensors that can detect coronavirus-neutralizing antibodies in blood. This research, which builds on prior sensor design technology developed in the Baker lab, was led by Baker lab postdoctoral scholars Jason Zhang, PhD, and Hsien-Wei (Andy) Yeh, PhD. From Behind the Paper: [W]e utilized the
- [Rotory proteins designed from scratch](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/04/rotory-proteins-designed-from-scratch/) - Today we report in Science the design of rotary devices made from custom proteins. These microscopic “axles” and “rotors” come together to form spinning assemblies, rather than being locked in just one orientation. Such mechanical coupling is a key feature of any machine. The new axle-rotor devices — which are each about a billion times
- [Protein drugs designed from the ground up](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/03/protein-drugs-designed-from-the-ground-up/) - Today we report in Nature a new method for generating protein drugs. Using Rosetta-based design, an international team designed molecules that can target important proteins in the body, such as the insulin receptor, as well as proteins on the surface of viruses. This solves a long-standing challenge in drug development and may lead to new treatments for
- [Diverse protein assemblies by (negative) design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2022/01/diverse-protein-assemblies-by-negative-design/) - A new approach for creating custom protein complexes yields asymmetric assemblies with interchangeable parts. Today we report in Science the design of new protein assemblies made from modular parts. These complexes — which adopt linear, branching, or closed-loop architectures — contain up to six unique proteins, each of which remains folded and soluble in the absence
- [Breakthrough of the Year](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/12/2021-breakthrough-of-the-year/) - The journal Science has selected artificial intelligence algorithms that predict the three-dimensional shapes of proteins — as well as the blizzard of protein structures they have revealed — as their 2021 Breakthrough of the Year. We are honored to have our work in this field recognized alongside that of the company DeepMind. As David Baker told
- [Deep learning dreams up new protein structures](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/12/deep-learning-dreams-up-new-protein-structures/) - Just as convincing images of cats can be created using artificial intelligence, new proteins can now be made using similar tools. In a new report in Nature, we describe the development of a neural network that “hallucinates” proteins with new, stable structures. “For this project, we made up completely random protein sequences and introduced mutations
- [UW BIOFAB: a force for reproducible science](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/11/uw-biofab-a-force-for-reproducible-science/) - This article was written by Renske Dyedov (UW) Key to advancing any new scientific discovery is the ability for researchers to independently repeat the experiments that led to it. In science today, particularly biology, the lack of reproducibility between experiments is a major problem that slows scientific progress, wastes resources and time, and erodes the
- [Deep learning reveals how proteins interact](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/11/deep-learning-reveals-how-proteins-interact/) - A team led by scientsts in the Baker lab has combined recent advances in evolutionary analysis and deep learning to build three-dimensional models of how most proteins in eukaryotes interact. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding the biochemical processes that are common to all animals, plants, and fungi. This open-access work appears in Science.
- [COVID-19 vaccine with IPD nanoparticles meets Phase 1/2 trial goals](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/11/covid-19-vaccine-with-ipd-nanoparticles-meets-phase-1-2-trial-goals/) - This report was written and translated into English by SK bioscience. (Image: SK bioscience) SK bioscience (CEO Jae-yong Ahn) announced on November 4th that the company has confirmed a positive immune response and safety in the final analysis result of the phase I/II clinical trial of the COVID-19 vaccine candidate, ‘GBP510,’ co-developed with the Institute
- [Baker lab joins USAID’s $125M project to detect emerging viruses](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/10/baker-lab-joins-usaids-125m-project-to-detect-emerging-viruses/) - To better identify and prevent future pandemics, the University of Washington has become a partner in a five-year global, collaborative agreement with the U.S. Agency for International Development. The newly launched Discovery & Exploration of Emerging Pathogens – Viral Zoonoses, or DEEP VZN project, has approximately $125 million in anticipated funding and will be led
- [Two nanoparticle vaccines enter clinical trials](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/06/two-nanoparticle-vaccines-enter-clinical-trials/) - Two different candidate vaccines developed by researchers at the Institute for Protein Design recently entered human clinical trials. GBP510, a candidate COVID-19 vaccine, is undergoing a combined Phase 1/2 trial. Flu-Mos-v1, a candidate mosaic influenza vaccine, is undergoing Phase 1 testing. Candidate COVID-19 vaccine Our SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate was created with structure-based vaccine design techniques
- [Nanoparticle flu shot blocks seasonal and pandemic strains](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/05/nanoparticle-flu-shot-blocks-seasonal-and-pandemic-strains/) - IPD researchers together with collaborators at the National Institutes of Health have developed experimental flu shots that protect animals from a wide variety of seasonal and pandemic influenza strains. The lead vaccine candidate has entered human clinical testing at the NIH. If it proves safe and effective, these next-generation influenza vaccines may replace current seasonal
- [Companion proteins enhance antibody potency](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/04/companion-proteins-enhance-antibody-potency/) - This week we report the design of new proteins that cluster antibodies into dense particles, rendering them more effective. In laboratory testing, such clustered antibodies neutralize COVID-19 pseudovirus, enhance cell signaling, and promote the growth of T cells more effectively than do free antibodies. This new method for enhancing antibody potency may eventually be used
- [A deep learning approach to protein design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/03/a-deep-learning-approach-to-protein-design/) - Scientists at the IPD and Ovchinnikov lab at Harvard have applied deep learning to the challenge of protein design, yielding a new way to quickly create protein sequences that fold up as desired. This breakthrough has broad implications for the development of protein-based medicines and vaccines. Computational protein design has primarily focused on finding amino
- [trRosetta yields structures for every protein family](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/03/trrosetta-reveals-structures-for-every-protein-family/) - The field of protein structure prediction has greatly advanced in recent years thanks to increasingly accurate deep-learning methods. A new such method, called trRosetta developed at the Institute for Protein Design, has now made thousands of protein structures available via EMBL-EBI’s Pfam and InterPro data resource. More than 6300 protein structures have been predicted in this way and are
- [Design of transmembrane beta barrels](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/02/design-of-transmembrane-beta-barrels/) - Biochemists have created barrel-shaped proteins that embed into lipid membranes, expanding the bioengineering toolkit. In a milestone for biomolecular design, a team of scientists has succeeded in creating new proteins that adopt one of the most complex folds known to molecular biology. These designer proteins were shown in the lab to spontaneously fold into their
- [New sensors detect coronavirus proteins and antibodies](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/01/covid-antibody-lockr-sensors/) - This week we report [PDF] a new way to detect the virus that causes COVID-19, as well as antibodies against it. Scientists at the Institute for Protein Design have created protein-based sensors that glow when mixed with components of the virus or specific antibodies. This breakthrough could enable faster and more widespread testing in the near
- [Protein patches boost cell signaling](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/01/protein-patches-boost-cell-signaling/) - Today we report the design of a new class of protein material that interacts with living cells without being absorbed by them. These large, flat arrays built from multiple protein parts can influence cell signaling by clustering and anchoring cell surface receptors. This breakthrough could have far-reaching implications for stem cell research and enable the
- [Design of an ultrapotent COVID-19 vaccine candidate](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/10/design-of-an-ultrapotent-covid-19-vaccine-candidate/) - Today we report in Cell (PDF) the design and initial preclinical testing of an innovative nanoparticle vaccine candidate for the pandemic coronavirus. It produces virus-neutralizing antibodies in mice at levels ten-times greater than is seen in people who have recovered from COVID-19. Compared to vaccination with the soluble SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, which is what many leading
- [David Baker awarded 2021 Breakthrough Prize](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/09/david-baker-breakthrough-prize/) - The Breakthrough Prize Foundation today announced the winners of the 2021 Breakthrough Prize, recognizing an array of achievements in the Life Sciences, Fundamental Physics and Mathematics. The traditional gala award ceremony, attended by superstars of movies, music, sports and tech entrepreneurship, has been postponed until March 2021. David Baker, director of the Institute for Protein
- [Antiviral proteins block coronavirus infection in the lab](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/09/antiviral-proteins-block-coronavirus-infection/) - Today we report in Science [PDF] the design of small proteins that protect cells from SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. In experiments involving lab-grown human cells, the activity of the lead antiviral candidate produced (LCB1) was found to rival that of the best-known SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. LCB1 is currently being evaluated in rodents. Coronaviruses
- [Introducing Co-LOCKR: designed protein logic for cell targeting](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/08/introducing-co-lockr-designed-protein-logic-for-cell-targeting/) - In a new paper [PDF] appearing in Science, a team of IPD researchers together with colleagues at UW Medicine and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center demonstrate a new way to precisely target cells — including those that look almost exactly like their neighbors. They designed nanoscale devices made of synthetic proteins that target a therapeutic agent only to cells with
- [De novo nanoparticles as vaccine scaffolds](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/08/de-novo-nanoparticles-vaccine-scaffolds/) - IPD researchers have developed a new vaccine design strategy that could confer improved immunity against certain viruses, including those that cause AIDS, the flu, and COVID-19. Using this technique, viral antigens are attached to the surface of self-assembling, de novo designed protein nanoparticles. This enables an unprecedented level of control over the molecular configuration of the resulting
- [Rosetta Commons Black Lives Matter Statement](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/06/rosetta-commons-black-lives-matter-statement/) - Trigger warning: mentions acts of violence and racism We, as members of the Rosetta Commons, recognize the grief and frustration of many members of our community and reaffirm our commitment to the safety and dignity of Black lives. The past few months have been traumatic. The recent murders of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, Tony McDade,
- [Introducing UWARN: The United World Antiviral Research Network](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/06/introducing-uwarn-the-united-world-antiviral-research-network/) - The newly formed United World Antiviral Research Network (UWARN) will bring together researchers from institutions in several countries to spot and confront emerging pandemic viruses. The network will provide surveillance for emerging pandemic viruses, develop urgently needed diagnostics and therapeutics, and expand understanding of viral immune responses, which is key to vaccine development. The network will
- [Rosetta’s role in fighting coronavirus](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/02/rosettas-role-in-fighting-coronavirus/) - We are happy to report that the Rosetta molecular modeling suite was recently used to accurately predict the atomic-scale structure of an important coronavirus protein weeks before it could be measured in the lab. Knowledge gained from studying this viral protein is now being used to guide the design of novel vaccines and antiviral drugs.
- [Play Foldit to help stop coronavirus (VIDEO)](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/03/play-foldit-to-help-stop-coronavirus/) - You don't have to be a scientist to do science! By playing the computer game Foldit, you can help discover new antiviral drugs that might stop the novel coronavirus. The most promising solutions will be manufactured and tested at the University of Washington Institute for Protein Design in Seattle. Foldit is run by academic research scientists. It is free
- [Volunteers rally to Rosetta@Home to stop COVID-19](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/03/volunteers-rally-to-rosettahome-to-stop-covid-19/) - As schools, museums, offices and stores shutter to slow the spread of the new coronavirus, millions of people are now finding themselves stuck at home. Fortunately, even in these trying times, there are are small steps that anyone can be take to help combat COVID-19. One option is to donate to biomedical research — but
- [5 questions about designing coronavirus vaccines from our Reddit AMA](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/04/5-questions-about-designing-coronavirus-vaccines-from-our-reddit-ama/) - Researchers from our vaccine design team recently participated in a Reddit ‘Ask Me Anything’ about our SARS-CoV-2 vaccine research. Reddit users asked over a hundred questions by the time the live event ended — we are sorry we could not address them all. We were lucky to be joined by Lexi Walls, a postdoctoral scholar
- [With an emergency meeting, RosettaCommons aims to accelerate COVID-19 research](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/04/with-an-emergency-meeting-rosettacommons-aims-to-accelerate-covid-19-research/) - On the day the number of confirmed global COVID-19 infections crossed one million, a team of over three hundred scientists from around the world kicked off a virtual conference aimed at stopping the virus. The event was an emergency meeting of member labs from the RosettaCommons, a consortium of over 90 laboratories who together develop
- [De novo design of protein logic gates](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/04/de-novo-design-of-protein-logic-gates/) - The same basic tools that allow computers to function are now being used to control life at the molecular level, with implications for future medicines and synthetic biology. Together with collaborators, we have created artificial proteins that function as molecular logic gates. These tools, like their electronic counterparts, can be used to program the behavior
- [Designing shape-shifting proteins](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/03/designing-shape-shifting-proteins/) - Today we report the design of protein sequences that adopt more than one well-folded structure, reminiscent of viral fusion proteins. This research moves us closer to creating artificial protein systems with reliable moving parts. In nature, many proteins change shape in response to their environment. This plasticity is often linked to biological function. While computational
- [SCI-STEM Symposium 2020](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2020/01/sci-stem-symposium-2020/) - The Institute for Protein Design at the University of Washington held the second symposium aimed at providing strategies to address diversity challenges in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). The Strategies for Cultivating Inclusion in STEM (SCI-STEM) symposium featured leading keynote speakers, panel discussions, and interactive breakout sessions. Members of the STEM community at all
- [Introducing LOCKR: a bioactive protein switch](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/07/introducing-lockr-a-bioactive-protein-switch/) - Today we report in Nature the design and initial applications of the first completely artificial protein switch that can work inside living cells to modify—or even commandeer—the cell’s complex internal circuitry. The switch is dubbed LOCKR, short for Latching, Orthogonal Cage/Key pRotein. “In the same way that integrated circuits enabled the explosion of the computer chip industry, these versatile and dynamic
- [Coevolution at the proteome scale](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/07/coevolution-at-the-proteome-scale/) - Today we report in Science the identification of hundreds of previously uncharacterized protein–protein interactions in E. coli and the pathogenic bacterium M. tuberculosis. These include both previously unknown protein complexes and previously uncharacterized components of known complexes. This research was led by postdoctoral fellow Qian Cong and included former Baker lab graduate student Sergey Ovchinnikov, now a John Harvard Distinguished Science
- [Protein arrays on mineral surfaces](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/07/protein-arrays-on-mineral-surfaces/) - Today we report the design of synthetic protein arrays that assemble on the surface of mica, a common and exceptionally smooth crystalline mineral. This work, which was performed in collaboration with the De Yoreo lab at PNNL, provides a foundation for understanding how protein-crystal interactions can be systematically programmed. Our goal was to engineer artificial proteins to self-assemble on
- [Protein design by citizen scientists](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/06/foldit-protein-design/) - Citizen scientists can now use Foldit to successfully design synthetic proteins. The initial results of this unique collaboration appear today in Nature. Brian Koepnick, a recent PhD graduate in the Baker lab, led a team that worked on Foldit behind the scenes, introducing new features into the game that they believed would help players home in on
- [Designed ligands tune cytokine signaling](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/05/4925/) - Today the Baker lab shares some exciting collaborative results of their efforts to design rigid and tunable receptor dimerizers. The first authors of this report are Kritika Mohan, Stanford, and George Ueda, IPD. From Science: Exploring a range of signaling Cytokines are small proteins that bind to the extracellular domains of transmembrane receptors to activate signaling pathways
- [Tunable pH-dependent assemblies](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/05/tunable-ph-dependent-assemblies/) - Natural proteins often shift their shapes in precise ways in order to function. Achieving similar molecular rearrangements by design, however, has been a long-standing challenge. Today, a team of researchers lead by scientists at the IPD report in Science the rational design of synthetic proteins that move in response to their environment in predictable and tunable
- [Receptor sub-type binders](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/05/receptor-sub-type-binders/) - This week we report in NSMB a combined computational design and experimental selection approach for creating proteins that bind selectively to closely related receptor subtypes. This project was led by Luke Dang, a former Baker lab graduate student, and Yi Miao, a postdoctoral researcher in Christopher Garcia's lab at Stanford. Abstract: To discriminate between closely related members of
- [De novo 2D arrays](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/05/4894/) - This week we report in JACS a general approach for designing self-assembling 2D protein arrays. This project was led by Zibo Chen, a recent Baker lab graduate student, and featured collaborators from the, DiMaio, De Yoreo and Kollman labs at UW. Abstract: Modular self-assembly of biomolecules in two dimensions (2D) is straightforward with DNA but
- [Fluorescent proteins designed from scratch](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2018/09/fluorescent-proteins-designed-from-scratch/) - In the summer of 1961, Osamu Shimomura drove across the country in a cramped station wagon to scoop jellyfish from the docks of Friday Harbor. He wanted to discover what made them glow. It took Shimomura and other biochemists more 30 years to find a full answer. By then, recombinant DNA technology allowed researchers to
- [Potent anti-cancer proteins with fewer side effects](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2019/01/potent-anti-cancer-proteins-with-fewer-side-effects/) - Today we report in Nature the first de novo designed proteins with anti-cancer activity. These compact molecules were designed to stimulate the same receptors as IL-2, a powerful immunotherapeutic drug, while avoiding unwanted off-target receptor interactions. We believe this is just the first of many computer-generated cancer drugs with enhanced specificity and potency. “People have tried for 30
- [New designer proteins mimic DNA](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2018/12/new-designer-proteins-mimic-dna/) - To close out the year, Baker Lab scientists published a new report describing the creation of proteins that mimic DNA. We believe this breakthrough will aid the creation of bioactive nanomachines. DNA is a widely used building material at the nanoscale because it is simple and predictable: A pairs with T and C pairs with
- [Rolling out new jellies](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2018/11/rolling-out-new-jellies/) - The basic parts of proteins — helices, strands and loops — can be combined in countless ways. But certain combinations are trickier than others. This week scientists from the IPD, along with collaborators in Brno and Santa Cruz, published the first-ever example of designed non-local beta-strand interactions. Beta-sheet proteins carry out critical functions in biology,
- [SCI-STEM Symposium 2018](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2018/03/sci-stem-symposium-2018/) - Update 2018-07-26: The 2018 SCI-STEM Symposium was recently featured in an eLife article. The Institute for Protein Design at the University of Washington held its first ever symposium aimed at providing strategies to address diversity challenges in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). The Strategies for Cultivating Inclusion in STEM (SCI-STEM) symposium featured leading keynote
- [Foldit to Disarm a Fungal Toxin](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2017/10/foldit-to-disarm-a-fungal-toxin/) - Foldit alfatoxin project update 7/16/2018 Today, scientists from of the Institute for Protein Design will join Foldit gamers from around the world to help design an enzyme that can neutralize aflatoxin -- a cancer-causing toxin produced by certain fungi that are found on agricultural crops such as corn, peanuts, cottonseed, and tree nuts. Foldit is a citizen
- [De Novo Design of Membrane Proteins](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2018/03/de-novo-design-of-membrane-proteins/) - It is now possible to create complex, custom-designed transmembrane proteins from scratch ! Today Baker lab members published in Science "Accurate computational design of multipass transmembrane proteins" The Abstract reads as follows: The computational design of transmembrane proteins with more than one membrane-spanning region remains a major challenge. We report the design of transmembrane monomers,
- [Seattle Health Innovators Visit the IPD](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/01/seattle-health-innovators-visit-the-ipd/) - The Seattle Health Innovators recently visited the Institute for Protein Design, and wrote a nice blog entitled "Crowdsourcing the design of new molecules to improve healthcare and the environment." The article provides a nice look into the Institute for Protein Design. Learn more at this link.
- [Synthetic Nucleocapsids Have Arrived](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2017/12/synthetic-nucleocapsids-have-arrived/) - Published today in Nature, IPD researchers describe the first synthetic protein assemblies — dubbed synthetic nucleocapsids — that encapsulate their own genome and evolve in complex environments. Synthetic nucleocapsids are built to resemble viral capsids and could be used in future to deliver therapeutics to specific cells and tissues. These icosahedral protein assemblies are based off of
- [A New World of Designed Macrocycles](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2017/12/a-new-world-of-designed-macrocycles/) - Today marks another major step forward for peptide based drug discovery. IPD researchers report in Science the computational design of a new world of small cyclic peptides, "Macrocycles", increasing the number of the known kinds of these molecules by multiple fold. The conceptual art image below "Illuminating the energy landscape" shows the power of computational design
- [The Matrix of Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2017/07/the-matrix-of-protein-design/) - The Matrix movie (1999) depicts a future in which the reality perceived by most humans is actually a computer simulated reality called "the Matrix". Published today in Science, the Baker lab and collaborators report on a new kind of Matrix - a new reality for large scale computational protein design which can achieve massive data driven improvements in our ability to design highly stable,
- [Unleashing the Power of Synthetic Proteins](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/10/unleashing-the-power-of-synthetic-proteins/) - Published today in Science Philanthropy Alliance, David Baker, Director of the Institute for Protein Design describes how the opportunities for computational protein design are endless -- with new research frontiers and a huge variety of practical applications to be explored, from medicine to energy to technology. This is an exciting time as we are undergoing a technological revolution
- [Designs on New World of Mini-Protein Therapeutics](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2017/09/designs-on-new-world-of-mini-protein-therapeutics/) - Mark your calendars! September 27, 2017 is the day the doors opened to whole new world of targeted therapeutics. The Baker lab and numerous talented collaborators published in Nature that it is now possible to conduct "Massively parallel de novo protein design for targeted therapeutics". Three factors make this possible: Rosetta molecular modeling algorithms for computational protein
- [Hyper-stable Designed Peptides and the Coming of Age for De Novo Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/09/hyper-stable-designed-peptides-and-the-coming-of-age-for-de-novo-protein-design/) - Small constrained peptides combine the stability of small molecule drugs with the selectivity and potency of antibody-based therapeutics. However, peptide-based therapeutics have largely remained underexplored due to the limited diversity of naturally occurring peptide scaffolds, and a lack of methods to design them rationally. New computational design and wet lab methods developed at the Institute for
- [Big Data Shapes the Fold for of Hundreds of Protein Families](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2017/01/big-data-shapes-the-fold-for-of-hundreds-of-protein-families/) - Researchers in the Baker lab at the Institute for Protein Design, working in collaboration with the Joint Genome Institute, published in Science the solved folds and structures for hundreds of protein families. This “big data” approach to large scale protein structure determination was made possible by a team effort that analyzed billions of gene sequences
- [Computational Design of a pH Sensitive Antibody Binder](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/01/computational-design-of-a-ph-sensitive-antibody-binder/) - Purification of antibody IgG from crude serum or culture medium is required for virtually all research, diagnostic, and therapeutic antibody applications. Researchers at the Institute for Protein Design (IPD) have used computational methods to design a new protein (called “Fc-Binder”) that is programed to bind to the constant portion of IgG (aka "Fc" region) at basic
- [Thank you, Bruce and Jeannie Nordstrom!](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2017/01/thank-you-bruce-and-jeannie-nordstrom/) - A few months ago, it was announced that the Institute for Protein Design is one of UW Medicine's Priorities in their ACCELERATE campaign. We are grateful to have this support not only from UW Medicine, but also from donors who are contributing funds so that we may continue our work. One such gift came from
- [Design of novel cavity containing proteins](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2017/01/design-of-novel-cavity-containing-proteins/) - The latest paper coming out from the IPD was published today on the Science website. It's titled "Principles for designing proteins with cavities formed by curved β sheets" with first co-authors Enrique Marcos and Benjamin Basanta, a former and current IPD member, respectively. Other IPD members on the paper include Tamuka Chidyausiku, Gustav Oberdorfer, Daniel-Adriano
- [Foldit Turns 8!](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/05/foldit-turns-8/) - Over the weekend, Foldit had its 8th birthday! In celebration, they will be tweeting (@Foldit) fun facts and infographics on their feed. Haven't heard of the game or tried playing it yet? What better time than now! Click here to learn more and to join an ever-growing community that spans the world. Who knows, maybe
- [Designed Protein Containers Push Bioengineering Boundaries](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/07/designed-protein-containers-push-bioengineering-boundaries/) - Earlier this month, Baker lab researchers reported the computational design of a hyperstable 60-subunit protein icosahedron in Nature (Hsia et al); icosahedral protein structures are commonly observed in natural biological systems for packaging and transport (e.g. viral capsids). The described design was composed of 60 trimeric protein building blocks that self-assembled in a nanocage. In
- [David Baker wins a Leaders in Health Care Award, listed among 'world's most influential scientific minds'](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2016/03/david-baker-wins-2016-leaders-in-health-care-award/) - We are proud to announce that last week, David was named winner of Seattle Business' 2016 Leaders in Health Care Awards for "Outstanding Achievement in Delivery of Digital Health." The award was one of several given out, with categories ranging from "Lifetime Achievement" to "Outstanding Achievement: Health Care Delivery." Although David was ill and unable
- [Life Sciences Discovery Fund Awards $1.4M to the Institute for Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2013/09/life-sciences-discovery-fund-awards-1-4m-to-the-institute-for-protein-design/) - The Life Sciences Discovery Fund (LSDF) today announced its latest round of Opportunity Grants, and awarded $1.4 M to the University of Washington (UW) to “Launch of the Institute for Protein Design for Creating New Therapeutics, Vaccines and Diagnostics.” This LSDF Opportunity Grant Award will enable the IPD Translational Investigators to improve upon protein design discoveries so that they
- [New Science paper: Designed 2-D protein arrays](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2015/06/science-designed-2d-protein-arrays/) - A new Science paper is out from IPD faculty Dr. David Baker titled Design of ordered two-dimensional arrays mediated by noncovalent protein-protein interfaces. Read the abstract below and the article at the link: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/348/6241/1365 We describe a general approach to designing two-dimensional (2D) protein arrays mediated by noncovalent protein-protein interfaces. Protein homo-oligomers are placed into one of the
- [Translational Investigator awarded LSDF Matching Grant Award for Celiac Disease Therapy](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/12/translational-investigator-awarded-lsdf-matching-grant-award-for-celiac-disease-therapy/) - Please make a tax deductible donation at this LINK. IPD Translational Investigator Dr. Ingrid Swanson Pultz was awarded a Matching Grant award of $250K from the Life Sciences Discovery Fund (LSDF) for her project 'In vivo assessment of an oral therapeutic for celiac disease'! We need to raise an additional $74K
- [Targeting Ebola](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/08/targeting-ebola/) - The Foldit community to targets Ebola. Click here to learn more. Watch grad student Brian Koepnick and IPD Director David Baker talk about this work on this KOMO TV news segment. See the Seattle Times article here. Make a donation to help us fund our anti-Ebola effort.
- [Designer Proteins to Target Cancer Cells](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/06/designer-proteins-to-target-cancer-cells/) - What if scientists could design a completely new protein that is precision-tuned to bind and inhibit cancer-causing proteins in the body? Collaborating scientists at the UW Institute for Protein Design (IPD) and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute (MolES) have made this idea a reality with the designed protein BINDI. BINDI (BHRF1-INhibiting Design acting Intracellularly) is a completely novel protein, based
- [Accurate Design of Co-Assembling Multi-Component Protein Nanomaterials](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/06/accurate-design-of-co-assembling-multi-component-protein-nanomaterials/) - A new paper is out in the June 5 issue of Nature entitled Accurate design of co-assembling multi-component protein nanomaterials. Scientists at the Institute for Protein Design (IPD), in collaboration with researchers at UCLA and HHMI, have built upon their previous work constructing single-component protein nanocages and can now design and build self-assembling protein nanomaterials made up of
- [High-Resolution Comparative Modeling with RosettaCM](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2013/10/high-resolution-comparative-modeling-with-rosettacm/) - Researchers in the Baker group describe an improved method for comparative modeling, RosettaCM, which optimizes a physically realistic all-atom energy function over the conformational space defined by homologous structures. Learn more at this link.
- [Computational Design of Self-Assembling Protein Nanomaterials with Atomic Level Accuracy](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2012/06/computational-design-of-self-assembling-protein-nanomaterials-with-atomic-level-accuracy/) - IPD researchers in the Baker group have published in Science a paper entitled "Computational design of self-assembling protein nanomaterials with atomic level accuracy." They describe a general computational method for designing proteins that self-assemble to a desired symmetric architecture. Protein building blocks are docked together symmetrically to identify complementary packing arrangements, and low-energy protein-protein interfaces are then designed
- [IPD Researchers Publish New Protocols for Preparing Protein Scaffold Libraries for Functional Site Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2013/04/ipd-researchers-publish-new-protocols-for-preparing-protein-scaffold-libraries-for-functional-site-design/) - IPD researchers in the Baker group have published new computational protocols for preparing protein scaffold libraries for functional site design. Their paper entitled "A Pareto-optimal refinement method for protein design scaffolds" improves the search for amino acids with the lowest energy subject to a set of constraints specifying function. Learn more at this link.
- [Centenary Award and Frederick Gowland Hopkins Memorial Lecture](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2012/12/centenary-award-and-frederick-gowland-hopkins-memorial-lecture/) - Dr. David Baker, Director of the IPD delivered the Centenary Award and Frederick Gowland Hopkins Memorial Lecture at at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK, on December, 13, 2012. Baker's lecture entitled "Protein folding, structure prediction and design" can be read at this published link. See: Baker, D. (2014). Protein folding, structure prediction and design.. Biochemical Society
- [Computer Designed Proteins Programmed to Disarm a Variety of Flu Viruses](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2012/06/computer-designed-proteins-programmed-to-disarm-a-variety-of-flu-viruses/) - As reported in Nature Biotechnology, David Baker and scientists at the IPD published exciting new methods to improve the potency and breadth of computer-designed protein inhibitors of influenza. Learn more at this link.
- [Computational Design Of A Protein That Binds Polar Surfaces](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2013/09/computational-design-of-a-protein-based-enzyme-inhibitor/) - In a Journal of Molecular Biology publication entitled Computational design of a protein-based enzyme inhibitor, Dr. Erik Procko and collaborators describe the computational design of a protein-based enzyme inhibitor that binds the polar active site of hen egg lysosome (HEL). Computational design of a protein that binds polar surfaces has not been previously accomplished. Learn
- [Increasing Public Involvement in Structural Biology](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/03/increasing-public-involvement-in-structural-biology/) - Foldit is 5 years old. This publication entitled "Increasing public involvement in structural biology" chronicles the power of engaging the citizen science community on behalf of the computational challenge of protein folding. Learn more at this link.
- [Proteins Made to Order.  Researchers at the IPD Design Proteins from Scratch with Predictable Structures](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2012/11/proteins-made-to-order-researchers-at-the-ipd-design-proteins-from-scratch-with-predictable-structures/) - A team from David Baker’s laboratory at the University of Washington in Seattle have described a set of "rules" for the design of proteins from scratch, and have demonstrated the successful design of five new proteins that fold reliably into predicted conformations. Their work was published Nature. Learn more at this link.
- [One Small Molecule Binding Protein, One Giant Leap for Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2013/09/one-small-molecule-binding-protein-one-giant-leap-for-protein-design/) - Reported on-line in Nature (Sept. 4, 2013) researchers at the Institute for Protein Design describe the use of Rosetta computer algorithms to design a protein which binds with high affinity and specificity to a small drug molecule, digoxigenin a dangerous but sometimes life saving cardiac glycoside. Learn more at this link.
- [Follow the Institute for Protein Design on Facebook and Twitter](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2013/11/follow-the-institute-for-protein-design-on-facebook-and-twitter/) - Visit us on Facebook and follow us on Twitter @UWproteindesign
- [Professor David Baker Provides an In Depth Discussion on Protein Design ](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2013/10/professor-david-baker-provides-an-in-depth-discussion-on-protein-design/) - Prof. David Baker, Head of the UW Institute for Protein Design, HHMI Investigator provides an in depth discussion on the design of protein structures, functions and assemblies. Click here to watch the video.
- [Computational Protein Design To Improve Detoxification Rates Of Nerve Agents](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2013/11/computational-protein-design-to-improve-detoxification-rates-of-nerve-agents/) - V-type nerve agents are among the most toxic compounds known, and are chemically related to pesticides widespread in the environment. Using an integrated approach, described in an ACS Chemical Biology paper entitled Engineering V-type nerve agents detoxifying enzymes using computationally focused libraries, Dr. Izhack Cherny, Dr. Per Greisen, and collaborators increased the rate of nerve
- [David Baker at the 2013 Gairdner Award Celebrations in Toronto](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2013/11/david-baker-at-the-2013-gairdner-award-celebrations-in-toronto/) - David Baker, Head of the Institute for Protein Design was recently in Toronto, Canada in late October to deliver a lecture on protein design as part of Gairdner Award celebrations. This was written up in the Globe and Mail. Learn more at this link.
- [A New Vaccine Design Method To Combat A Dangerous Virus](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/02/a-new-vaccine-design-method-to-combat-a-dangerous-virus/) - In a widely cited Nature paper entitled Proof of principle for epitope-focused vaccine design, IPD researchers and collaborators invented a new method to design novel proteins for use as a candidate vaccines to protect against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a significant cause of infant mortality. Learn more at this link.
- [Design of Activated Serine-Containing Catalytic Triads with Atomic-Level Accuracy](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/04/design-of-activated-serine-containing-catalytic-triads-with-atomic-level-accuracy/) - Baker lab members published in Nature Chemical Biology a paper entitled "Design of activated serine-containing catalytic triads with atomic-level accuracy", describing the computational design of proteins with idealized serine-containing catalytic triads which can capture and neutralize organophosphate probes. This work has utility in design of scavengers of environmental toxins. Learn more at this link.
- [A Computationally Designed Metalloprotein Using an Unnatural Amino Acid](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/02/a-computationally-designed-metalloprotein-using-an-unnatural-amino-acid/) - What if scientists could design proteins to capture specific metals from our environment? The utility for cleaning up metals from waste water, soils, and our bodies could be tremendous. Dr. Jeremy Mills and collaborators in Dr. Baker’s group at the University of Washington’s Institute for Protein Design (IPD) address this challenge in the first reported
- [KumaMax: Winner of C4C Recognition as a Novel Oral Therapeutic for Celiac Disease](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2013/12/kumamax-winner-of-c4c-recognition-as-a-novel-oral-therapeutic-for-celiac-disease/) - Dr. Ingrid Swanson Pultz, a Translational Investigator at the Institute for Protein Design won first prize at the UW Center for Commercialization 2013 Innovator Recognition Event, for KumaMax, an enzyme designed in the Baker lab to efficiently break down gluten within the acidic environment of the stomach, before it can reach the small intestine where intact gluten
- [The “Three Dreamer” Protein Design Partnership for Alzheimer’s Disease](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2014/05/the-three-dreamer-protein-design-partnership-for-alzheimers-disease/) - The “Three Dreamers” are a group of Seattle-based philanthropists whose family members are suffering from Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The IPD has partnered with the Three Dreamers, the Foldit community and AD researchers at the UW to design new proteins targeting amyloid, thought to be the cause of AD. Learn more at this link.
- [GIVING IN ACTION: Making Dreams Come True at the IPD](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2013/11/giving-in-action-making-dreams-come-true-at-the-ipd/) - Thank you to our supporters. GIVING IN ACTION: Making Dreams Come True. Barton Family Foundation, Life Sciences Discovery Fund, Bruce and Jeannie Nordstrom, and Three Dreamers all supporting the IPD. Thank you all for your help in supporting our efforts in protein design.

## Pages

- [Designing Tomorrow](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/) - Institute for Protein Design – Designing tomorrow
- [Undergraduate Research](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/undergraduate-research/) - Undergraduate Research This page was updated July 2026 Embark on a summer of discovery and innovation at the Institute for Protein Design Application Period: CLOSED Application Opens: November 2nd, 2026 Program Period: June to August 2027 Located in Seattle, this paid research program offers a unique opportunity for students from around the world to gain
- [Join us](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/join-us/) - Training We train researchers from around the world at all career stages. Located at the University of Washington in Seattle, our Member and Affiliate Labs are led by professors who have access to the latest ideas, software, and instruments in their fields. Summer research — and beyond Whether you attend at the University of Washington
- [Core R&D Labs](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/core/) - Staffed by professionals and equipped with advanced resources, our Core R&D Labs accelerate our entire research portfolio.
- [About Us](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/about/) - We are exploring the potential of protein design to shape a healthier, sustainable tomorrow.
- [Contact](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/contact/) - Contact Us The Institute for Protein Design is headquartered in the Molecular Engineering & Sciences (MolES) and Nanoengineering & Sciences (NanoES) buildings (map) on the University of Washington's main Seattle campus. As an advanced research facility, our buildings are not open to the public. General inquires: Discover How to Join Us // contact@ipd.uw.edu // 206.209.2233
- [Faculty and Staff](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/people/faculty_and_staff/) - David Baker, PhD Professor, Department of Biochemistry Director of the IPD dabaker@uw.edu ipdadmin@uw.edu | Assistant Faculty Page Lab Website David is the Director of the Institute for Protein Design, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator, professor in biochemistry, and an adjunct professor of genome sciences, bioengineering, chemical engineering, computer science, and physics at the University
- [Neil King, PhD](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/people/neil-king/) - neilking@uw.edu nmtphan@uw.edu / Mai Phan, Administrative Assistant media@ipd.uw.edu / Press Inquiries King Lab website Neil King, PhD, is an associate professor in the Department of Biochemistry at the University of Washington School of Medicine. The King Lab develops and uses computational methods for designing protein nanomaterials with atomic-level accuracy, with a focus on structures suited
- [August IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/august14-ipd-news-roundup/) - August 31, 2014 Here is a list of August 2014 news items from the IPD. Follow the links to read and learn more: PEOPLE - Welcome to new IPD members Jasmine Nguyen and Chris Stafford! Jasmine and Chris will be joining the team at the IPD Structured Science Protein Core facility. - Welcome to new postdoctoral fellow Anindya Roy! - Congratulations
- [What is protein design?](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/what-is-protein-design/) - Explore our beginner's guide to the future of biology.
- [News Pages](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/)
- [2023 Annual Report](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/2023-annual-report/) - The report highlights substantial advancements in protein design, from the world's first computer-generated protein medicine to new deep learning tools.
- [David Baker, PhD](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/david-baker/) - Professor David Baker's research group at the University of Washington develops and uses protein design software to solve challenges in medicine, technology and sustainability.
- [IPD Advisory Board](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/people/advisory-board/) - Advisory Board Chair: Bryan White, MBA Bryan White is the Co-Founder of Sahsen Ventures. Sahsen invests in and supports mission-driven enterprises focused on life sciences, education, social justice, and the environment. From 1994 to 2016, Mr. White was Co-founder and Chief Investment Officer of Quadra/Quellos and subsequently BlackRock Alternative Advisors. During his tenure, he led
- [Justin Decarreau](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/people/justin-decarreau/) - University of Washington Molecular Engineering and Sciences Building, 4th Floor 3946 W Stevens Way NE Box 351655 Seattle, WA 98195-1655 Email: jdecarre@uw.edu Justin earned his undergraduate degree and Ph.D. in biochemistry at the University of Vermont. His graduate work looked at the structure function relationship of the myosin motor domain in different nucleotide states. Justin
- [Translation](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/research/translation/)
- [Responsible AI in Protein Science](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/responsible-ai/) - Responsible AI in Protein Science Machine learning is transforming protein science, unlocking powerful technologies that will improve human and planetary health. To ensure this benefits everyone, we champion initiatives that foster safe, ethical, and open research practices in our field. Our Commitment to Responsible AI We are proud to develop leading software for protein structure
- [Software](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/software/) - Software Visit our blog to discover our most recent work.
- [Lance Stewart, PhD MBA](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/lance-stewart/) - Lance Stewart, PhD MBA Institute for Protein Design, UW MedicineUniversity of Washington, Box 351655Molecular Engineering and Sciences Building, 4th Floor3946 W Stevens Way NESeattle, WA 98195-1655 Email: ljs5@uw.edu Cell: 206-383-4187 Lance Stewart has been a key member of the leadership team at the University of Washington Institute for Protein Design since its founding in 2012.
- [Luki Goldschmidt, Director of IPD Computing](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/luki-goldschmidt/) - Luki Goldschmidt, Director of IPD Computing Luki Goldschmidt, PhD Institute for Protein Design Department of Biochemistry University of Washington Hans Rosling Center for Population Health (HRC) Room 657 3980 15th Ave NE Seattle, WA 98105 Phone: 206-221-6640 Email: lugo@uw.edu Luki joined the IPD in 2017 to manage the ever growing computational infrastructure at the institute,
- [Webinar: Protein Design Then & Now (1998–2024)](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/protein-design-then-and-now/) - Featuring David Baker, University of Washington | Lab Website Steve Mayo, California Institute of Technology | Lab Website Bill DeGrado, University of California, San Francisco | Lab Website Brian Kuhlman, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | Lab Website
- [Frank DiMaio, PhD](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/people/frank-dimaio/) - dimaio@uw.edu media@ipd.uw.edu / Press Inquiries DiMaio Lab website Frank DiMaio, PhD, is an associate professor in the Department of Biochemistry at the University of Washington School of Medicine. The DiMaio Lab develops new tools for predicting and designing protein structures, including software for inferring detailed atomic interactions from low-resolution experimental data. The methods Frank has
- [Employment](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/employment/) - This information has moved to the Join Us page.
- [Research](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/research/) - By harnessing the potential of proteins, we are pioneering a new wave of medicines and materials with revolutionary capabilities. Protein Structure Prediction We develop cutting-edge tools, like RoseTTAFold, that predict the three-dimensional structures of proteins from sequence data with remarkable speed and accuracy. These tools are available for free public use, making advanced protein modeling
- [In the News](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/in-the-media/)
- [Baker: Technology Transfer and Advisory Roles](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/baker-technology-transfer-roles/) - David Baker’s Technology Transfer and Advisory Roles Updated April 2024 Founder/Co-Founder/Scientific Co-Founder Roles: Advisor (Non-Founder) roles: Rosetta Licensing: Initially developed in the Baker Lab, Rosetta is a software package for biomolecular modeling, docking, and design. Rosetta has been licensed to numerous non-profit and for-profit organizations. Rosetta licensing is managed by UW CoMotion. Royalty proceeds are
- [Coronavirus](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/coronavirus/) - Our Response to COVID-19 “This outbreak has illustrated that it’s all hands on deck, and all of us together against the bugs. We are working with our collaborators at UW, the NIH, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to help create a safe and effective vaccine for not only SARS-CoV-2 but other coronaviruses as
- [Basic Areas of Research](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/research/basic-areas/) - Our Research By unlocking the power of proteins, we are setting the stage for a new wave of medicines and materials with previously unimagined functions — tapping into the full efficiency, scalability, and sustainability of biology. Protein Structure Prediction Our scientists are building deep learning tools that quickly and accurately model the three-dimensional structures of
- [Reports](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/reports/)
- [Applications](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/applications/) - The protein design revolution From detecting fentanyl to blocking the virus that causes COVID-19, our scientists are pushing the limits of what proteins can do to help meet the challenges of the modern world. Translational Research Program →
- [Research Areas](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/basic-research/) - Areas of Basic Research In nature, proteins harvest solar energy, manufacture complex molecules, and transform chemical energy into work. Our scientists draw inspiration from nature as we seek to design equally useful proteins from scratch. By unlocking the power of proteins, we are setting the stage for a new wave of medicines and materials
- [Impact](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/impact/) - Impact Founded in 2012, the Institute for Protein Design has trained hundreds of scientists at all levels, from high schoolers to visiting professors. Our trainees are now working independently around the globe, and our current collaborative projects now span 27 countries. Rosetta, the core computer program that enables all of our research, was created in
- [Contributors](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/contributors/) - Contributors We are grateful to the following groups for helping us reach where we are today: The Audacious Project Housed at TED, The Audacious Project is a funding initiative that encourages the world’s greatest changemakers to dream bigger. We shape their ideas into viable multi-year plans and launch them to the world alongside visionary philanthropists.
- [Ingrid Swanson Pultz, PhD, Translational Advisor](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/ingrid-swanson-pultz/) - Ingrid Swanson Pultz, PhD, Translational Investigator Dr. Ingrid Swanson Pultz is a Translational Advisor at the Institute for Protein Design. She was Chief Scientific Officer of PvP Biologics, an IPD spin out company acquired by Takeda Pharmaceuticals in 2020, and served as the CEO for PvP in its early years. Dr. Pultz was formerly a
- [Audacious Project](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/audacious/) - Our Audacious Idea Donate now The world is on the verge of a protein design revolution. Soon, new medicines and materials will be programmed on computers and produced inside living cells, leveraging the full scale and sustainability of biology. To accelerate this, we have drawn inspiration from a previous technological revolution—the digital revolution—which took place in
- [Daniel-Adriano Silva, PhD, Translational Advisor](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/people/daniel-silva/) - Daniel-Adriano Silva, PhD Daniel-Adriano Silva is the CEO and co-founder of Monod Bio, an emerging company devoted to developing paradigm-shifting de novo protein biosensors. He was a Senior Postdoctoral Fellow at David Baker's group (2013-2017). During his postdoctoral training, he invented the first platform for de novo designing protein mimics and applied it for the
- [Practical Applications](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/research/practical-applications/) - Practical Applications From detecting fentanyl to blocking the virus that causes COVID-19, we are pushing the limits of what proteins can do to help meet the challenges of the modern world. ULTRAPOTENT VACCINES In 2010 our researchers demonstrated that Rosetta-designed proteins can take on shapes that elicit neutralizing antibodies against HIV when injected into animals
- [Former WRF Innovation Fellows](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/former-wrf-innovation-fellows/) - Former WRF Innovation Fellows RALPH CACHO, PhD - Collaborating PI: Michael Gelb, Department of Chemistry The anticancer agents salinosporamide A and rebeccamycin, the antifungal griseofulvin and the antibiotic vancomycin all contain carbon-halogen bonds. The presence of the halogen atom in these compounds isvital to the activity of the respective molecules. A lack of specificity and
- [Videos](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/learn/) - UW Discoveries - Protein Design iBiology Bioseminar Part 1 IPD TV Episode 1 IPD TV Episode 2 IPD TV Episode 3 IPD TV Episode 4 Rosetta Bootcamp Lecture 2 Rosetta Bootcamp Lecture 3 Rosetta Bootcamp Lecture 4 Rosetta Bootcamp Lecture 5 Rosetta Bootcamp Lecture 6 Rosetta Bootcamp Lecture 7 Rosetta Bootcamp Lecture 8 Rosetta Bootcamp
- [DTRA](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dtra/) - DTRA — DOMANE Download slides for David Baker's talk. PDF
- [Engineering an Oral Therapeutic for Celiac Disease](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/engineering-an-oral-therapeutic-for-celiac-disease/) - Affecting about one percent of the U.S. population, celiac disease is a common inflammatory disease of the small intestine and is triggered by the ingestion of gluten, a protein present in wheat, rye, and barley. Currently, the only treatment for celiac disease is complete avoidance of gluten from one's diet. This can be a challenge
- [Labs](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/labs/) - Baker Lab BHARDWAJ LAB DiMaio Lab Gu Lab King Lab
- [WRF Innovation Fellowship Application Requirements](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/wrf-application-requirements/) - Please note that this is the official site for this fellowship, and information found through other sources may be inaccurate. WRF Innovation Fellows Program The Institute for Protein Design (IPD) is fortunate to be situated in Seattle with a wealth of expertise in healthcare, medicine, computer science, materials science, and engineering. With a generous
- [Community](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/community/) - Community computing allows anyone to get involved in protein design — from home. Foldit We created a video game which lets anyone contribute to cutting-edge scientific research. Join this free online game and help us to design new proteins to cure diseases, create new materials, and develop new ways of capturing and storing energy. To
- [Mission & Goals](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/mission-and-goals/) - Mission & Goals Natural proteins evolved to solve the challenges faced during evolution. However, we face new and pressing challenges today. The goal of the Institute for Protein Design is to develop and apply methods for designing a whole new world of synthetic proteins to address these challenges. To achieve this goal, the Institute was
- [Ratika Krishnamurty, PhD,  Research Manager](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/ratika-krishnamurty/)
- [Press](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/press/) - Logos IPD vector logo
- [A New Vaccine Design Method To Combat A Dangerous Virus](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/a-new-vaccine-design-method-to-combat-a-dangerous-virus/) - February 5, 2014 Correia, B. E., Bates J. T., et al. (2014). Proof of principle for epitope-focused vaccine design. Nature. In a widely cited Nature paper entitled Proof of principle for epitope-focused vaccine design, IPD researchers and collaborators invented a new method to design novel proteins for use as a candidate vaccines to protect against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a significant
- [Rosetta Designed Protein (Toca 511), Now Offering Hope to Brain Cancer Patients](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/rosetta-designed-protein-toca-511-now-offering-hope-to-brain-cancer-patients/) - September 19, 2013 Brain cancer is a serious unmet medical challenge, and Washington state is one of the leading research clusters working on glioblastoma. Here we report on how RosettaDesign proteins are being used to treat brain cancer! It’s an amazing story. Protein design holds tremendous promise for therapeutic application, and the Institute for Protein Design is closely tracking the
- [Indigo Chris King](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/people/indigo-chris-king/) - Past Member: Indigo Chris King, PhD, WRF Innovations Fellows Project Leader Current Employer: Cyrus Biotechnology Email: dr.chris.king@gmail.com Indigo worked on translating the IPD’s protein design platform into novel therapeutics for immuno-oncology and infectious disease, developing algorithms and automation tools for high-throughput design of protein drugs, and training new postdocs for the WRF Innovation Fellows Program.
- [Philip Bradley, PhD,  Affiliate Member of the IPD](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/people/philip-bradley-phd/) - Associate Member, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Affiliate UW Biochemistry I develop algorithms for predicting and designing the structures and interactions of tandem repeat proteins. I am also interested in structure-based approaches to predicting protein:DNA and protein:peptide interaction specificity. Email: pbradley@fhcrc.org
- [Lauren Carter](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/people/lauren-carter/) - Lauren Carter, BS, BA, MS, PM, Structured Science Protein Core Leader University of WashingtonMolecular Engineering and Sciences Building, 4th Floor3946 W Stevens Way NEBox 351655Seattle, WA 98195-1655 Email: lcarter@uw.edu Lauren Carter was born and raised in Fort Worth, Texas, and fled the heat to attend the University of Washington with an eye towards medical school.
- [UW to Establish Institute for Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/uw-to-establish-institute-for-protein-design/) - April 13, 2012 Dr. Paul Ramsey, CEO of UW Medicine, announces the establishment of the Institute for Protein Design. A major challenge for designing proteins for specific purposes is predicting three-dimensional shape from the amino acid sequence. David Baker, UW professor of biochemistry and an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, has had remarkable
- [The “Three Dreamer” Protein Design Partnership for Alzheimer’s Disease](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/the-three-dreamer-protein-design-partnership-for-alzheimers-disease/) - May 11, 2014 The “Three Dreamers” are a group of Seattle-based philanthropists whose family members are suffering from Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This group of community members approached the UW with interest to invest funds raised towards totally new approaches to treating AD. Alzheimer’s disease and many other age-related neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and Lewy body dementia share a common
- [The IPD Moves Into the New Molecular Engineering and Sciences Building](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/the-ipd-moves-into-the-new-molecular-engineering-and-sciences-building/) - September 4, 2012 The Institute for Protein Design and David Baker's laboratory move into the new Molecular Engineering & Sciences building located in the heart of the University of Washington campus. Read about the Institute's new home and its exciting research in the Seattle Times. The four-story, $77 million Molecular Engineering & Sciences building opened this month,
- [Women in Science Lunch Discussion](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/women-in-science-lunch-discussion/) - May 19, 2014 A recent Nature issue exposed the dismaying fact that many women are deterred from pursuing a career in science, especially at the highest levels (postdoctoral positions, faculty position, scientific advisory boards to start up companies, etc). To talk about this significant gender gap in science and the issues female scientists face, IPD
- [The Power of Charity for Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/the-power-of-charity-for-protein-design/) - August 15, 2014 In this post we explore the power of charity to supply the massive computing capacity needed to support our protein design research. As shown in Figure 1, thanks to hundreds of thousands of Rosetta @home volunteers, the Institute for Protein Design (IPD) computing capacity has grown ~5-fold over the last two months.
- [Seattle Health Innovators Visit the IPD](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/seattle-health-innovators-visit-the-ipd/) - January 30, 2014 The Seattle Health Innovators recently visited the Institute for Protein Design, and wrote a nice blog entitled "Crowdsourcing the design of new molecules to improve healthcare and the environment." The article provides insights into the power of interdisciplinary efforts in computing and synthetic biology to design new proteins for celiac disease, flu, Alzheimer's disease, nanoparticle drug delivery, and carbon
- [September IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/september14-ipd-news-roundup/) - September 30, 2014 PDB ID 3CSYHere is a list of September 2014 news items from the IPD. Follow the links to read and learn more: PEOPLE - Welcome to new postdoctoral fellow Marc Lajoie! - Congratulations to our first group of WRF Innovation Fellows! A big welcome to Dr. Zachary Crook, Dr. Benjamin Groves, Dr. Jason Gilmore,
- [September IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/september15-ipd-news-roundup/) - RESEARCH IPD Translational Investigator, Dr. Ingrid Pultz, published a paper in JACS this month titled 'Engineering of Kuma030: A Gliadin Peptidase That Rapidly Degrades Immunogenic Gliadin Peptides in Gastric Conditions'. Using Rosetta to redesign the active site of the gliadin protease KumaMax - an enzyme computationally designed to break down gluten in the stomach - Dr. Pultz and
- [Proteins Made to Order.  Researchers at the IPD Design Proteins from Scratch with Predictable Structures](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/proteins-made-to-order-researchers-at-the-ipd-design-proteins-from-scratch-with-predictable-structures/) - November 8, 2012 Koga, N., Tasumi-Koga R., et al., Nature. 491(7423), 222-227. (2012) Proteins are an enormous molecular achievement: chains of amino acids that fold spontaneously into a precise conformation, time after time, optimized by evolution for their particular function. Yet given the exponential number of contortions possible for any chain of amino acids, dictating a
- [Removing T-cell Epitopes with Computational Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/removing-t-cell-epitopes-with-computational-protein-design/) - May 22, 2014 King, C. et al. PNAS Early Edition (2014) Baker lab members combine machine learning with computational design to demonstrate immune silencing of protein targets in a recently published PNAS paper entitled “Removing T-cell epitopes with computational protein design”. Proteins represent the fastest-growing class of pharmaceuticals for a diverse range of clinical application.
- [One Small Molecule Binding Protein, One Giant Leap for Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/one-small-molecule-binding-protein-one-giant-leap-for-protein-design/) - September 4, 2013 Tinberg, C.E., Khare, S.D., et al. Nature. 501(7466), 212-216. (2013) Reported on-line in Nature (Sept. 4, 2013) researchers at the Institute for Protein Design describe the use of Rosetta computer algorithms to push the envelope on protein design; crafting a protein that binds with high affinity and specificity to a small drug molecule; digoxigenin a dangerous but sometimes life saving
- [October IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/october14-ipd-news-roundup/) - PEOPLE - Welcome to new postdoctoral fellows Franziska Seeger, Anastassia Vorobieva, and Russ Dickson! UW's iGEM team representing in Boston- Congratulations to the University of Washington iGEM team! They won a gold medal at iGEM's 2014 Giant Jamboree in Boston, MA with their project "Using Green Fluorescent Protein to Quantify Protein Stability". Members of the IPD
- [November IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/november14-ipd-news-roundup/) - FELLOWSHIPS The second round of WRF Innovation Fellow applications are due DECEMBER 15, 2014! Apply today. Detailed information about this exciting postdoctoral fellowship and a link to the application is here: http://www.ipd.uw.edu/wrf-ipd-innovation-fellows-program/ Our list of collaborating PIs is growing; browse potential WRF projects here: http://www.ipd.uw.edu/wrf-ipd-research-areas/ RESEARCH - The IPD is a recipient of the 2015 Department of Energy INCITE
- [Life Sciences Discovery Fund Awards $1.4M to the Institute for Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/life-sciences-discovery-fund-awards-1-4m-to-the-institute-for-protein-design/) - September 16, 2013 The Life Sciences Discovery Fund (LSDF) today announced its latest round of Opportunity Grants, and awarded $1.4 M to the University of Washington (UW) to support translational research for medically useful designer proteins discovered in laboratories at the Institute for Protein Design (IPD). UPDATE April 2014: The LSDF funding to the IPD was matched 4-fold by generous contributions from private
- [KumaMax: Winner of C4C Recognition as a Novel Oral Therapeutic for Celiac Disease](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/kumamax-winner-of-c4c-recognition-as-a-novel-oral-therapeutic-for-celiac-disease/) - December 16, 2013 Dr. Ingrid Swanson Pultz, a Translational Investigator at the Institute for Protein Design won first prize at the UW Center for Commercialization 2013 Innovator Recognition Event, for KumaMax, an enzyme designed in the Baker lab to efficiently break down gluten within the acidic environment of the stomach, before it can reach the small intestine where intact
- [May IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/may-ipd-news-roundup/) - May 30, 2014 Here is a list of May 2014 news items from the IPD. Follow the links to read and learn more: - Baker lab Senior Fellow Chris King published two articles in PNAS on silencing of T-cell epitopes. Links to the publications can be found here and here. - The IPD launched its WRF-IPD Innovation Fellows program.
- [June IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/june-ipd-news-roundup/) - June 30, 2014 Here is a list of June 2014 news items from the IPD. Follow the links to read and learn more: - Senior Fellow Erik Procko and Stayton lab member Geoffrey Y. Berguig published a paper in Cell entitled A computationally designed inhibitor of an Epstein-Barr viral Bcl-2 protein induces apoptosis in infected cells. Read the UW NewsBeat article on
- [March IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/march15-ipd-news-roundup/) - RESEARCH In addition to designing new vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics, IPD researchers are working on research problems that address environmental and energy storage challenges faced today. In a recent paper published in PNAS entitled 'Computational protein design enables a novel one-carbon assimilation pathway', scientists at the IPD and collaborators computationally designed a new protein called formolase
- [May IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/may15-ipd-news-roundup/) - IN THE NEWS - IPD Translational Investigator Dr. Ingrid Swanson Pultz was interviewed by KOMO News reporter Molly Shen for a story on living with celiac disease and the exciting research underway at the Institute to develop an oral therapeutic for the disease. Read the story at the link and watch the video here: RESEARCH New
- [June IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/june15-ipd-news-roundup/) - RESEARCH A new Science paper is out from Dr. David Baker and IPD collaborator Dr. Tamir Gonen (HHMI Janelia Campus) titled Design of ordered two-dimensional arrays mediated by noncovalent protein-protein interfaces. Graduate student Shane Gonen and Dr. Frank DiMaio describe a new computational approach to design two-dimensional protein arrays with a number of exciting potential applications
- [High-Resolution Comparative Modeling with RosettaCM](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/high-resolution-comparative-modeling-with-rosettacm/) - October 8, 2013 Song, Y., DiMaio F., et al. (2013). High-resolution comparative modeling with RosettaCM. Structure. 21(10), 1735-42. Researchers in the Baker group describe an improved method for comparative modeling, RosettaCM, which optimizes a physically realistic all-atom energy function over the conformational space defined by homologous structures. Given a set of sequence alignments, RosettaCM assembles topologies by recombining aligned segments in Cartesian
- [Increasing Public Involvement in Structural Biology](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/increasing-public-involvement-in-structural-biology/) - March 5, 2014 Cooper, S., Khatib F., & Baker D. (2013). Increasing public involvement in structural biology. Structure 21(9), 1482-4. Foldit is 5 years old. This publication entitled "Increasing public involvement in structural biology" chronicles the power of engaging the citizen science community on behalf of the computational challenge of protein folding. For a compelling videos on this topic, go to
- [Computational Design of Self-Assembling Protein Nanomaterials with Atomic Level Accuracy](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/computational-design-of-self-assembling-protein-nanomaterials-with-atomic-level-accuracy/) - June 1, 2012 King, N.P., Sheffler, W., et al. Science. 336(6085), 1171-1174. (2012) IPD researchers in the Baker group, described a general computational method for designing proteins that self-assemble to a desired symmetric architecture. Protein building blocks are docked together symmetrically to identify complementary packing arrangements, and low-energy protein-protein interfaces are then designed between the building blocks in order to drive
- [Computer Designed Proteins Programmed to Disarm a Variety of Flu Viruses](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/computer-designed-proteins-programmed-to-disarm-a-variety-of-flu-viruses/) - June 10, 2012 Whitehead, T. A., Chevalier A. et al. Nature biotechnology (2012) Influenza is a serious public health concern, and new therapeutics that protect against this virus are urgently needed. Scientists at the IPD have used computational methods to design small proteins to serve as anti-flu therapeutics and diagnostics. The designed proteins inhibit the function
- [Computational Design Of A Protein That Binds Polar Surfaces](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/computational-design-of-a-protein-that-binds-polar-surfaces/) - September 23, 2013 Procko, E., Hedman R., et al. (2013). Computational design of a protein-based enzyme inhibitor. Journal of molecular biology. 425(18), 3563-75. Computational design of a protein that binds polar surfaces has not been previously accomplished. In a Journal of Molecular Biology publication entitled Computational design of a protein-based enzyme inhibitor, Dr. Erik Procko and collaborators in the Baker group describe the
- [Computational Protein Design To Improve Detoxification Rates Of Nerve Agents](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/computational-protein-design-to-improve-detoxification-rates-of-nerve-agents/) - November 15, 2013 Cherny, I., Greisen P., Ashani Y., et al. (2013). Engineering V-type nerve agents detoxifying enzymes using computationally focused libraries. ACS chemical biology. 8(11), 2394-403. V-type nerve agents are among the most toxic compounds known, and are chemically related to pesticides widespread in the environment. Using an integrated approach, described in an ACS Chemical Biology paper entitled Engineering V-type
- [Computational Design of a pH Sensitive Antibody Binder](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/computational-design-of-a-ph-sensitive-antibody-binder/) - January 1, 2014 According to bio-industry reports, monoclonal antibodies (mABs) have become the fastest growing segment of the pharmaceutical industry. As of 2012, more than 30 FDA approved monoclonal antibody therapies generated annual sales of more than US$ 40 Billion. Our immune systems have evolved to produce antibodies (e.g. Immunoglobulin G, aka IgG), globular proteins that circulate in the blood
- [A Computationally Designed Metalloprotein Using an Unnatural Amino Acid](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/a-computationally-designed-metalloprotein-using-an-unnatural-amino-acid/) - February 14, 2014 Mills, J. H., Khare S. D., et al. (2013). Computational design of an unnatural amino acid dependent metalloprotein with atomic level accuracy. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 135(36), 13393-9. What if scientists could design proteins to capture specific metals from our environment? The utility for cleaning up metals from waste water, soils, and our
- [Design of Activated Serine-Containing Catalytic Triads with Atomic-Level Accuracy](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/design-of-activated-serine-containing-catalytic-triads-with-atomic-level-accuracy/) - April 6, 2014 Rajagopalan, S., Wang, C., et al. Nat Chem Bio. 10(5), 386-391 (2014) Baker lab members published in Nature Chemical Biology a paper entitled "Design of activated serine-containing catalytic triads with atomic-level accuracy", describing the computational design of proteins with idealized serine-containing catalytic triads which can capture and neutralize organophosphate probes. This work has
- [Automating Human Intuition for Protein Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/automating-human-intuition-for-protein-design/) - November 13, 2013 Nivón, L. G., Bjelic S., King C., & Baker D. (2013). Automating human intuition for protein design. Proteins 82:858-66. IPD researchers in the Baker group have improved protein computational design algorithms by "Automating human intuition for protein design." In the design of new enzymes and binding proteins, human intuition is often used to modify computationally designed amino acid sequences prior to experimental characterization. The manual
- [Beyond Evolution: Protein Design News and Art](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/beyond-evolution-protein-design-news-and-art/) - April 23, 2014 Re/Code writer James Temple writes about protein design "Beyond Evolution" Re/Code writer James Temple has written an interesting article on David Baker's efforts to design a new world of proteins. The article covers the IPD efforts to design proteins that neutralize the flu virus, or sequester Alzheimer's disease amyloid protein, and how the IPD is engaging
- [Accurate Design of Co-Assembling Multi-Component Protein Nanomaterials](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/accurate-design-of-co-assembling-multi-component-protein-nanomaterials/) - June 5, 2014 King, N.P., Bale, J.B., Sheffler, W., et al. (2014). Accurate design of co-assembling multi-component protein nanomaterials. Nature. 510, 103-108. Scientists at the Institute for Protein Design (IPD), in collaboration with researchers at UCLA and HHMI, can now design and build self-assembling protein nanomaterials made up of multiple components with near atomic-level accuracy. Background
- [Designer Proteins to Target Cancer Cells](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/designer-proteins-to-target-cancer-cells/) - June 19, 2014 What if scientists could design a completely new protein that is precision-tuned to bind and inhibit cancer-causing proteins in the body? Collaborating scientists at the UW Institute for Protein Design (IPD) and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute (MolES) have made this idea a reality with the designed protein BINDI. BINDI (BHRF1-INhibiting Design acting
- [Research Areas](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/research-areas/)
- [IPD Researchers Publish New Protocols for Preparing Protein Scaffold Libraries for Functional Site Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/ipd-researchers-publish-new-protocols-for-preparing-protein-scaffold-libraries-for-functional-site-design/) - April 2, 2013 Nivón, L. G., Moretti R., & Baker D. (2013). A Pareto-optimal refinement method for protein design scaffolds. PloS one. 8(4), e59004 IPD researchers in the Baker group have published new computational protocols for preparing protein scaffold libraries for functional site design. Their paper entitled "A Pareto-optimal refinement method for protein design scaffolds" improves the search for amino acids
- [July IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/july14-ipd-news-roundup/) - July 31, 2014 Here is a list of July 2014 news items from the IPD. Follow the links to read and learn more: - Postdoctoral fellow Dr. Erik Procko's Cell paper, which we wrote about here, was featured on Neomatica and was the topic of a Reddit Science thread! - Translational investigator Dr. Ingrid Swanson Pultz's interview from
- [January IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/january15-ipd-news-roundup/) - RESEARCH Postdoctoral fellow Dr. Keunwan Park, in collaboration with IPD scientists and research at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Resesarch Center, published a paper in the journal Nature Structural and Molecular Biology entitled "Control of repeat-protein curvature by computational protein design". Dr. Park describes a general computational approach to control the shape of binding surfaces on repeat-protein scaffolds
- [Hiking the South Peak of The Brothers](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/hiking-the-south-peak-of-the-brothers/) - August 21, 2014 IPD researchers recently summited the south peak (6842 feet!) of The Brothers - a pair of prominent peaks in the Olympic Mountains that is easily viewed from Seattle. Watch the video below to share the awesome experience of summiting the peak and to see the beautiful views the Pacific Northwest has to
- [Institute for Protein Design Establishes Its Advisory Board](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/ipd-establishes-advisory-board/) - January 26, 2015 The Institute for Protein Design (IPD) at the University of Washington (UW) announced the formation of its new advisory board, which includes four distinguished professionals from the fields of pharmaceutical development, finance, venture capital, and synthetic biology. “The formation of this advisory board is an important step in the development of the IPD,
- [February IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/february15-ipd-news-roundup/) - RESEARCH A collaborative effort between scientists in the Baker lab and the laboratory of Peter Schultz (The Scripps Research Institute) resulted in a computationally designed protein that was able to kinetically stabilize the conformational transition state of the unnatural amino acid biphenylalanine. This work was published in the journal Science in a manuscript titled "Trapping a transition
- [David Baker at the 2013 Gairdner Award Celebrations in Toronto](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/david-baker-at-the-2013-gairdner-award-celebrations-in-toronto/) - November 23, 2013 David Baker, Head of the Institute for Protein Design was recently in Toronto, Canada in late October to deliver a lecture on protein design as part of Gairdner Award celebrations. This was written up in the Globe and Mail, where Dr. Baker noted the tremendous citizen science contributions of over 300,000 Rosetta@home volunteers and Foldit players, 200 of
- [December IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/december14-ipd-news-roundup/) - FELLOWSHIPS The second round of applications for the WRF Innovation Fellows program were due this month. Applications are being reviewed now. Check back later in January to see the list of awardees! For more information on the WRF Innovation Fellows program and a list of collaborating scientists, follow the links below: http://www.ipd.uw.edu/wrf-ipd-innovation-fellows-program/ http://www.ipd.uw.edu/wrf-ipd-research-areas/ RESEARCH This month, IPD
- [April IPD News Roundup](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/news-pages/april15-ipd-news-roundup/) - IN THE NEWS - The scientific artwork of Baker lab postdoctoral fellow Dr. Vikram Mulligan was featured in a Q&A in the April issue of ASBMB Today. Dr. Mulligan beautifully illustrates and depicts the proteins developed at the IPD, including protein nanocages, influenza binders, enzymes, and more. A few of his illustrations are shown below. INSTITUTE
- [People](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/people/) - Learn more about the people who make-up the Institute for Protein Design.
- [April 2015 WRF Innovation Fellows Research Updates](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/current-wrf-innovation-fellows-bios-and-research-updates/) - ZACHARY CROOK, PhD - Collaborating PI: Dr. Jim Olson, FHCRC Zach is interested in novel therapeutic applications for cysteine knotted peptides. While the Olson Lab has a strong interest in their potential uses for cancer treatment, Zach comes from a research background in neurodegeneration, and wishes to investigate the means for getting these natural drug-like
- [Letter from the Director - IPD Update May 2015](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/letter-from-the-director-may-2015/) - May 29, 2015 Dear Friend of the UW Institute for Protein Design: On behalf of the UW Institute for Protein Design (IPD), I wish to thank you for supporting our shared vision to design a whole new world of synthetic proteins that address 21st century challenges in medicine, energy and technology. It is my pleasure
- [Dr. Jihong Bai](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-jihong-bai/) - PI: Dr. Jihong Bai Location: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Website: http://research.fhcrc.org/bai/en.html Molecular engineering for synaptic biology Our work with the Institute for Protein Design (IPD) would be to engineer proteins for monitoring and modulating synaptic activity in neurons. Our interests are the following: 1) design proteins to alter membrane morphology; 2) engineer molecules to modulate endocytosis; and
- [IPD Mini Symposium #2](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/ipd-mini-symposium-2/) - The UW Institute of Protein Design (IPD) presents a Mini Symposium on “New Approaches to Protein Design”. This symposium is open to the UW community and general public and will be held on Tuesday January 20th from 10:30-Noon in HSB K-069 Coffee and refreshments will be served starting at 10:15 AM. Symposium speakers include: Bill DeGrado, Ph.D. - Professor, University of California
- [IPD Mini Symposium 2014](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/ipd-mini-symposium-2014/) - The UW Institute of Protein Design (IPD) presents a Mini Symposium on “Sweet Spots for Designed Proteins as Therapeutics”. This symposium is open to the UW community and general public and will be held on Wednesday December 10th from 9-10:30 AM in Turner Auditorium (HSB D-209) Coffee and refreshments will be served starting at 8:30
- [Dr. William R. Henderson Jr.](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-william-henderson/) - PI: Dr. William R. Henderson Jr., MD Location: Center for Allergy and Inflammation, UW Medicine SLU Website: http://depts.washington.edu/somslu/centers/allergy.shtml Designed Tolerizing Protein Nanoparticles as a Therapeutic Approach to Treat Asthma and Other Allergic Disorders Asthma and other allergic diseases have become much more common in the United States in the last 40 years. These diseases affect
- [Custom design of novel alphahelical bundles](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/custom-design-of-helical-bundles/) - Researchers at the Institute for Protein Design have developed a novel computational approach for the custom design of hyper-stable alpha-helical bundles with fine-tuned geometries. The parametric design approach and experimental characterization of the resulting helical bundles is described in detail in a recent Science publication entitled High thermodynamic stability of parametrically designed helical bundles. At the focus
- [Christopher Stafford](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/christopher-stafford/)
- [Adam Wargacki, BS](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/adam-wargacki/)
- [Clancey Wolf](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/clancey-wolf/)
- [Javier Castellanos](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/javier-castellanos/)
- [Yifan Song, PhD](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/yifan-song/)
- [Dr. Mohamed Oukka](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-mohamed-oukka/) - PI: Dr. Mohamed Oukka Location: Seattle Children's Research Institute, UW Immunology Website: https://www.seattlechildrens.org/medical-staff/Mohamed-Oukka/ Engineering protein mimics to treat autoimmune diseases Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease, which results from the autoimmune attack of myelin-reactive T cells and recruitment of other immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and progressive demyelination.Tysabri and Fingolimod are two leading drugs
- [Dr. Courtney Crane](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-courtney-crane/) - PI: Dr. Courtney Crane Location: Seattle Children's Research Institute Website: http://www.seattlechildrens.org/research/childhood-cancer/our-science/our-labs/crane-lab/ Lentiviral engineering of macrophages to improve anti-tumor immunity Our work with the Institute for Protein Design (IPD) would be to design membrane tethered protein structures expressed using lentiviral vectors that would help the immune system recognize brain tumor cells. We have several candidates that are
- [Lucas Nivon, PhD, Translational Investigator](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/lucas-nivon/)
- [Dr. Sam Miller](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-sam-miller/) - PI: Dr. Sam Miller Location: UW Microbiology Website: http://miller-lab.net/MillerLab/ Defining the molecular basis of bacterial pathogenesis and interactions with eukaryotic cells The Miller laboratory is focused on defining the molecular basis of bacterial pathogenesis and interactions with eukaryotic cells. The laboratory has a particular interest in bacterial interactions with innate immunity. This work involves the use
- [Dr. David Galas](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-david-galas/) - PI: Dr. David Galas Location: Pacific Northwest Diabetes Research Institute (PNDRI) Website: http://www.pnri.org/research-programs/galas-lab/ Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease, in which B cells and T cells collaborate in the destruction of pancreatic, insulin-producing cells. The onset of the disease is preceded by the presence of autoantibodies directed against proteins produced by islet cells, such as
- [Dr. Aimee Dudley](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-aimee-dudley/) - PI: Dr. Aimee E. Dudley Location: Pacific Northwest Diabetes Resesarch Institute (PNDRI) Website: http://www.pnri.org/research-programs/dudley-lab/ Development of antifungal compounds that target fungal biofilm formation Background: Opportunistic fungal pathogens pose a large and growing problem for the U.S. healthcare system. “Antifungal therapy is limited by the small arsenal of drugs, toxicity, and the emergence of resistance. Moreover, the
- [Letter from the Director - IPD Update](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/letter-from-the-director-ipd-update/) - August 14, 2014 Dear Friends of the Institute for Protein Design, On behalf of the UW Institute for Protein Design (IPD), it is my pleasure to provide you with an update on progress in our work. Outlined below, we describe how generous funding from the Washington Research Foundation, the Washington State legislature, and the Life
- [Dr. William Zagotta](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-william-zagotta/) - PI: Dr. William Zagotta Location: University of Washington, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, UW School of Medicine Website: http://depts.washington.edu/pbiopage/faculty/wzagotta Conformation dynamics of cyclic nucleotide-regulated ion channels In response to one or more of a variety of stimuli, including neurotransmitters, voltage, and internal second messengers, ion channels open and allow the passage of certain selected ions
- [Targeting Ebola](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/targeting-ebola/) - Scientists at the Institute for Protein Design have teamed up with the Foldit community to target Ebola surface glycoproteins with computationally designed anti-viral proteins. See the Seattle Times article here. Watch grad student Brian Koepnick and IPD Director David Baker talk about this work on this KOMO TV news segment. Check out the Foldit post here where the War
- [Give](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/donors/) - We need you to continue our ambitious work! Make a gift today to support the UW Institute for Protein Design. Our success depends on a number of factors: research, of course, but also the people and infrastructure that make exceptional research efforts possible. Attracting top faculty is key, as is funding post-doctoral fellows and supporting
- [Dr. Laura Crisa](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-laura-crisa/) - PI: Dr. Laura Crisa Location: Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Website: http://depts.washington.edu/doce/our-research/facultyresearch-laboratories/laura-crisa-md-phd/ Modeling revascularization and leukocyte trafficking to immune privileged tissues by Slits signaling One of the most significant challenges of cell replacement therapies for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes is the design of immunoregulatory strategies that promote the engraftment, survival and function
- [Dr. Michael MacCoss](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-michael-maccoss/) - PI: Dr. Michael MacCoss Location: UW Genome Sciences Website: http://maccosslab.org Characterization of Protein Libraries by Mass Spectrometry Our laboratory is focused on developing new mass spectrometry based methods for measuring protein mixtures. Three of the challenges of designing mixtures of proteins with a specific function is characterizing that the proteins are adequately produced, that they
- [Q & A with David Baker](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/q-a-with-david-baker/) - Read this short Q&A with IPD Director Dr. David Baker on the recent Cell publication entitled A computationally designed inhibitor of an Epstein-Barr viral Bcl-2 protein induces apoptosis in infected cells. Q: What is the IP status of your findings? A: A patent application has been filed for BINDI protein. Prior patents have been granted for earlier
- [Sue Yi](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/sue-yi/)
- [Dr. Vincenzo Cirulli](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-vincenzo-cirulli/) - PI: Dr. Vincenzo Cirulli Location: Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM) Website: http://depts.washington.edu/iscrm/research/faculty/vincenzo-cirulli Netrin protein nanomaterials as regulators of stem cell differentiation toward pancreatic β-cells Cell interactions with the extracellular microenvironment play critical roles in tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis. In the pancreas, development of insulin-producing islet cells (b-cells) depends on a series of highly regulated
- [Dan Ellis](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dan-ellis/)
- [Dr. Champak Chatterjee](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-champak-chatterjee/) - PI: Dr. Champak Chatterjee Location: UW Chemistry Website: http://blogs.uw.edu/champak1/ Chemoenzymatic Strategies for Site-selective Protein Modification and Bioconjugation The ability to modify proteins in a site- and chemistry-specific manner permits the introduction of diverse probes of protein function/structure and for protein conjugation with various biologically active molecules. The recent discovery of the prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein (Pup) modifier
- [Darwin Alonso](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/darwin-alonso/)
- [Dr. Dustin Maly](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-dustin-maly/) - PI: Dr. Dustin Maly Location: UW Chemistry Website: http://depts.washington.edu/malylab/ Chemically-inducible signaling proteins Cells are able to integrate an enormous array of environmental information and convert these signals into complex behaviors such as growth, differentiation, and motility. This relay of extra-cellular stimuli into specific phenotypic responses involves the transfer of information through complex networks that are mediated
- [Dr. Andrew Scharenberg](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-andrew-scharenberg/) - PI: Andrew M. Scharenberg, MD Location: UW Immunology, Seattle Children's Website: http://immunology.washington.edu/andrew-m-scharenberg-md New technologies for gene editing Our laboratory focuses on gene editing technology and translational applications in adoptive T-cell immunotherapies and hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy. Our lab has a particular interest in the development of new technologies to increase the efficiency and safety of
- [Dr. Michael Gelb](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-michael-gelb/) - PI: Michael Gelb Location: UW Chemistry Website: http://faculty.washington.edu/gelb/ Cyclic peptide inhibitors of secreted phospholipases A2 to dissect the roles of these enzymes in inflammatory diseases Secreted phospholipases A2 (sPLA2s) are a group of 10 enzymes in humans and mice that function in inflammatory processes. The function of some of the family members are well known, but
- [Dr. Georg Seelig](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-georg-seelig/) - PI: Georg Seelig Location: UW Electrical Engineering Website: http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~seelig/ Re-engineering Protein Signaling Pathways Proteins are the dominant form of sensor, actuator and decision-making element in the cell, and protein signaling pathways such as phosphorylation cascades or electron transfer chains are intriguing engineering targets. We are interested in understanding how biological organisms process information using protein signaling
- [Dr. Eric Klavins](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-eric-klavins/) - PI: Dr. Eric Klavins Location: UW Electrical Engineering Website: http://klavinslab.org/ Modular Transcription Factors The construction of synthetic gene networks in eukaryotic cells is limited by the relatively small number of repurposed transcription factors available. Furthermore, repurposed transcription factors taken out of context often display a variety of off-target effects when incorporated into novel gene circuits, resulting
- [Dr. Sharona Gordon](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-sharona-gordon/) - PI: Dr. Sharona Gordon Location: UW Physiology and Biophysics, UW School of Medicine Website: http://faculty.washington.edu/seg/ Conformational dynamics of ion channels in a membrane environment The Gordon lab is broadly interested in the molecular mechanisms that underlie ion channel gating. As integral membrane proteins, the conformational dynamics of ion channels are influenced by both specific chemical interactions
- [Dr. Roland Strong](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-roland-strong/) - PI: Dr. Roland Strong Location: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Website: http://labs.fhcrc.org/strong/ Tailoring immunotargeting and immunomodulatory reagents for the treatment of cancer This project builds on two ongoing efforts: (1) to specifically elicit, customize and weaponize antibodies to target solid tumors induced by viruses and (2) to translate immunomodulators that target T cell co-receptor signaling pathways
- [Dr. Patrick Stayton](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-patrick-stayton/) - PI: Dr. Patrick Stayton Location: UW Bioengineering Website: http://depts.washington.edu/bioe/portfolio-items/stayton/ Protein and Nucleic Acid Delivery Nucleic acid and protein biologic drugs are currently limited in scope by delivery barriers at the system, tissue, and sub-cellular levels. To address this need, multi-functional carriers for nucleic acids and proteins are being developed in the Stayton laboratory that incorporate targeting
- [Dr. Oliver Press](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-oliver-press/) - PI: Dr. Oliver Press Location: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Website: http://research.fhcrc.org/press/en.html The Press lab, located at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, investigates novel treatments for hematologic malignancies including non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma. A variety of therapeutic agents are currently being studied, including monoclonal antibodies, radioimmunoconjugates, immunotoxins, chemotherapeutic agents, and genetically modified cytotoxic T
- [Dr. Marion Pepper](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-marion-pepper/) - PI: Dr. Marion Pepper Location: UW Immunology Website: http://immunology.washington.edu/marion-pepper-phd The Development of Tolerizing Immunotherapies for Asthma Allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) induces immune tolerance through the administration of repeated, increasing doses of the causative allergen and results in the long-lasting remission of disease symptoms. Multiple immune functions have been suggested to contribute to SIT-induced immune tolerance in both mice
- [Dr. Jim Olson](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-jim-olson/) - PI: Dr. Jim Olson Location: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Website: http://research.fhcrc.org/olson/en.html Design of Brain Penetrating Peptides In 2007, the Olson Lab reported that a scorpion-derived peptide could selectively deliver fluorescent molecules specifically to cancer cells compared to adjacent normal tissue. This bioconjugate, known as Tumor Paint, illuminated brain, breast, colon, prostate, skin, and other cancers
- [Dr. Jesse Bloom](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-jesse-bloom/) - PI: Dr. Jesse Bloom Location: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Website: labs.fhcrc.org/bloom Molecular Evolution of the Influenza Virus The Bloom lab has openings for WRF-IPD Fellows interested in using protein design or other approaches from computational molecular biology for studies related to the evolution of influenza virus. Existing projects in the lab range from studying the
- [Dr. Jay Shendure](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-jay-shendure/) - PI: Dr. Jay Shendure Location: University of Washington, Genome Sciences Website: http://krishna.gs.washington.edu/ Methods for Programmable Gene Synthesis and Allelic Series The Shendure Lab, located in the Department of Genome Sciences at the University of Washington, is broadly interested in developing broadly enabling technologies for human genetics and molecular biology. The areas in which we are working
- [Dr. Deborah Fuller](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-deborah-fuller/) - PI: Dr. Deborah Fuller Location: UW Microbiology Website: https://depts.washington.edu/cfar/discover-cfar/cores/immunology/non-human-primate-immunology-subcore/deborah-fuller New anti-flu therapeutics The Fuller laboratory is collaborating with the Baker lab at the Institute of Protein Design in two exciting projects: 1) Development of novel influenza antivirals and 2) investigating computational designed proteins as new immunogens for a universal influenza vaccine. For both projects, the
- [Dr. Hannele Ruohola-Baker](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-hannele-ruohola-baker/) - PI: Dr Hannele Ruohola-Baker Location: Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM) Website: http://depts.washington.edu/taneli/ Signaling pathway modulation and control in stem cell development The Ruohola-Baker laboratory is dissecting the molecular mechanisms that control stem cell self-renewal and regeneration capacity, both in normal and pathological situations. In particular, the laboratory examines the differences between two human
- [Dr. Peter Myler](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/dr-peter-myler/) - PI: Dr. Peter Myler Location: Seattle BioMed Website: http://www.seattlebiomed.org/bio/myler Designed vaccines for neglected diseases The goal of the Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease (SSGCID, www.ssgcid.org) is to determine the structure of proteins from Biodefense (NIAID Category A-C), Emerging and Re-emerging Infection (BEI) organisms. Pro-active engagement of the infectious disease research community to nominate high
- [Model Building for CryoEM](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/model-building-for-cryoem/) - De novo model building, refinement, and model validation using cryoEM reconstructions: Recent technological advances have made it possible to generate electron density maps at near atomic resolution using cryo-electron microscopy. At these resolutions, atomic accuracy structure determination should be possible, but current methods are insufficient. We have developed methods for de novo structure determination, iterative local rebuilding,
- [Vaccine Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/vaccine-design/) - Vaccine design: Traditional vaccine technologies typically consist of delivering whole viruses that have been rendered non-infectious. While this approach has led to many successful vaccines, several viruses, including HIV, have proven to be difficult to develop vaccines against using these traditional methods. However, IPD scientists and collaborators have designed proteins that display a region of
- [Self Assembling Nanomaterials](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/self-assembling-nanomaterials/) - Design of Self-Assembling Nanomaterials: Self assembling protein materials play critical roles in biology. IPD researchers are developing general approaches for creating new self assembling nanostructures, and using these approaches to develop a next generation of vaccines and drug delivery vehicles. Design of self-assembling protein nanomaterials (Image modified from: King N.P. et al (2012)) Proteins have
- [Enzyme Design](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/enzyme-design/) - Design of Enzymes: The IPD is developing general methods for creating catalysts for chemical reactions not catalyzed by naturally occurring enzymes. While naturally occurring enzymes catalyze a wide range of chemical reactions, many important synthetic reactions lack a naturally occurring enzymatic counterpart. Therefore, the design of enzymes with new catalytic activities could have broad applications in
- [Structure Determination from Low-Resolution Data](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/structure-determination-from-low-resolution-data/) - Advanced tools for structure determination from low-resolution crystallographic data: Most protein structures are determined through X-ray crystallography. Structure determination and refinement – improving the fit of a model to experimental data – from crystallographic data is challenging and error-prone when the data is low-resolution. Dr. Frank DiMaio has developed tools that combine structure prediction force-fields
- [Sampling Algorithm Development](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/sampling-algorithm-development/) - Sampling Algorithm Development: Given an accurate force field, the design problem becomes finding the lowest energy sequence for a given challenge. Since there are 20 amino acids possible at each position, this may require searching through the 20x20x20…=20Nres sequences for a new designed protein with Nres residues. Because the optimal structure to solve a given challenge is
- [Energy and Density Guided Refinement](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/energy-and-density-guided-refinement/) - Energy- and density- guided refinement for solving difficult molecular replacement problems: Aside from low-resolution data, another challenge in crystal structure determination is known as the phase problem. The problem arises because diffraction of a protein crystal only provides half of the information needed to solve a crystal structure; the other half (the phases) have to
- [Prediction of Symmetric Assemblies](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/prediction-of-symmetric-assemblies/) - Prediction of Symmetric Assemblies: Symmetry is ubiquitous in naturally occurring proteins. IPD researchers have developed efficient methods for modeling and predicting symmetric protein assemblies(1). Combining these methods with experimental data allows for accurate determination of symmetric structures from sparse experimental data. Accurate recapitulation of the energetics of crystal lattice formation is critical in low-resolution crystallographic refinement.
- [Participate](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/participate/)
- [Test Page](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/test-page/) - Click to download PDF Search for:
- [Institute for Protein Design Infograph](https://www.ipd.uw.edu/institute-for-protein-design-infograph/)

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